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Last modified
7/14/2009 5:02:35 PM
Creation date
5/20/2009 10:17:31 AM
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UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
9404
Author
Douglas, M. E. and P. C. Marsh.
Title
Ecology and Conservation Biology of Humpback Chub (Gila cypha) in the Little Colorado River.
USFW Year
1996.
USFW - Doc Type
Tempe.
Copyright Material
NO
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cascades. Interspersed amongst this structure are broad sandbars <br />and other depositional features more typical of erosive <br />southwestern streams. These shift seasonally (and dramatically) <br />according to duration and extent of flooding. Dominant riparian <br />vegetation is a mixture of native [Catclaw acacia (Acacia <br />greggii), Honey mesquite (Prosopis qlandulosa), Coyote Willow <br />(Salix exigua), Arrowweed (Tessaria sericea)), and nonnative <br />species [Tamarisk (Tamarix chinensis), Camelthorn (Alhagi <br />camelorum)) (Carothers and Brown, 1991; Johnson, 1991). Giant <br />reed (Phragmites australis) and cattail (Typha spp.) occur <br />patchily. The lower LCR passes through a narrow gorge that <br />progressively widens and deepens as it drops towards Marble <br />Canyon. A series of precipitous travertine falls at RKM 14.9 <br />(Atomizer Falls, Fig. 1--2b) mark upstream distribution of G. <br />cypha. <br />Base camps.---Three base camps were established in the LCR gorge: <br />Near its confluence (RKM 0.55); at Powell Canyon (RKM 3.1); and <br />at Salt Canyon (RKM 10.8). Biologists worked from each camp. <br />Those at the confluence fished the lower 1.2 km of river, while <br />those at Powell camp fished upriver from 1.3--7.0 km. Salt camp <br />personnel fished from 8.0--14.9 km. <br />Data collection.---Fishes were captured during 19 6--14 day trips <br />at approximately monthly intervals from July 1991 to December <br />1992. Hoop nets (0.76 or 1.2 m dia., 2.4 or 3.0 m length, four- <br />or six-hoop, single- or double-throat) were deployed in all <br />available habitat types of sufficient depth (i.e., > 0.4 m). <br />Trammel nets (7.6 to 45.7 m length, 1.8 m depth, 1.3 to 3.8 cm <br />inner and 30 cm outer meshes) were set routinely in the <br />confluence. Fishing effort for a particular trip was recorded as <br />number of net-hours per camp. <br />All captured fishes were identified, measured (TL to nearest <br />mm) and weighed (nearest g). Native species were examined for <br />tags, markings, secondary sexual characteristics, ripeness, and <br />general health and condition. Those greater than 150 mm TL <br />'adults') were injected with passive integrated transponder <br />(i.e., PIT) tags (see Prentice et al., 1990) and released near <br />points of capture. Nonnative fishes were scanned for presence of <br />PIT tags (a result of consuming tagged native fishes), then <br />sacrificed and either dissected immediately or preserved for <br />later study. <br />Analytical protocol.---One-way ANOVA (Proc GLM; SAS, 1985) was <br />used to compare total fishing effort and captures of adult G. <br />cypha by reach and year. To determine movements during 1992 <br />(which represented a full year of sampling), adult chubs were <br />grouped by reach and season (winter = December, January, <br />February; spring = March, April, May; summer = June, July, <br />August; and autumn = September, October, November). Numbers of G. <br />cypha tagged/recaptured in a given reach during a given trip were <br />3
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