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<br />Idaho, Montana, Oregon <br />and Washington. All of <br />those actions focused On <br />protecting fish and <br />wildlife that have <br />suffered because of the <br />development of hydro- <br />power in the river basin.. <br />Many salmon runs <br />and other wildlife have <br />shown improvement <br />since the program's <br />inception. In the <br />rnid-1980s, salmon runs <br />appeared to be rebuild-:-. <br />ing. Then a combination <br />of factors-drought and <br />poor ocean feeding con- <br />ditions, for example- <br />tempered those brief <br />gainJ:>. 'Salmon runs in <br />the Snake River, in particula;r, have <br />plummeted. <br /> <br />gravel of freshwater <br />streams to the time it <br />returns to those <br />, streams toreproduce, <br />- It relies on the best <br />. available scientific un- <br />derstanding of the <br />causes of the salmon's <br />decline and calls for, <br />solutions f6reach <br />problem. It integrates <br />- more than 100 near- <br />-... <br />term and'longer-term <br />actions. <br /> <br />Because salmon <br />are killed in <br />, large numbers <br />as. they attempt ~o , <br />nUgrate through <br />reservoirs qnd past <br />~ .', . hydropower dams, we <br />call for higher flows and increased river <br />speed, protective screens in front of dam tur- <br />bines, new ways to operate the dams so they <br />kill fewer salmon, contrQls,on predators that <br />eat salmon, and improved bar&e transporta- <br />tion of salmon to carry them past the dams. <br />Because so many of our fall chin()ok are <br />caught in both the ocean and in the Colum- <br />bia, we caUfor mOre effective control of I <br />these harvests. <br /> <br />W" <br />. ecan <br />... ',. . rebuild.- <br />,., salmon <br />populations' <br />in the, . <br />Columbia <br />Basin if we <br />act quickly, ' <br />" carefully- ., <br />and \. . <br />cooperatively. <br /> <br />More th~n 100 new actions <br /> <br />This strategy represents an intensified <br />focus within the Columl:;Jia RiverBasin Fish <br />and Wildlife Program. It is based on a pains- <br />taking re-evaluation of the salmon's life <br />cycle, from the time it is hatched in the <br /> <br /> <br />8 <br /> <br />1792 <br />"When we were over the bar, we found ttils to <br />be a large river of fresh water, up which we <br />steered... Vast numbers of natives came <br />alongside. " <br />-Log of Captain Robert Gray's ship, <br />th~ Columbia Redil/iva, for May 11 <br /> <br />\ I, <br /> <br /> <br />, I <br />