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Last modified
7/14/2009 5:02:34 PM
Creation date
5/18/2009 12:42:12 AM
Metadata
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Template:
UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
8239
Author
McAda, C. and K. Fenton.
Title
Relationship of Fish Habitat to River Flow in the Gunnison River.
USFW Year
1998.
USFW - Doc Type
Project number 47,
Copyright Material
NO
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All fishes require a variety of habitats throughout the year to complete their life <br />cycle. Peak flows in spring reconfigure the channel and provide flooded <br />bottomlands which are important for allochthonous input to the system (Stanford et <br />al. 1996; Poff et al. 1997). Flooded bottomlands also provide resting areas for adult <br />fish escaping fast water in the main channel and important rearing habitats for YOY <br />fishes (e.g., Wydoski and Wick 1998). In the Colorado River basin, adult Colorado <br />squawfish and razorback sucker use off-channel habitats extensively in spring <br />(Osmundson et al. 1995). The low velocity and warmer water temperatures in off- <br />channel habitats are hypothesized to assist with growth and gonad maturation during <br />a time when river temperatures are still cool and high water velocities require <br />increased energy expenditures. Flooded bottomlands are especially important to <br />growth and survival of larval razorback suckers (Wydoski and Wick 1998; Modde et <br />al. 1995). When flooded bottomlands are not available, other low-velocity habitats <br />such as slow runs, pools, eddies, backwaters and flooded vegetation along the <br />shoreline provide refuge from fast water in mid-channel habitats. However, these <br />other habitats do not substitute for the productivity of flooded bottomlands (Wydoski <br />and Wick 1998). <br />Except for a transition period before and after spring runoff, base flows occur <br />through most of the year (summer, fall, winter). Colorado squawfish preferred pools, <br />eddies, and backwaters at moderate base flows and slow runs at very low base flows <br />in the upper Colorado River (Osmundson et al. 1995). Razorback suckers also used <br />pool and slow-run habitats during base flows. High-velocity or shallow habitats are <br />generally not utilized except for briefi periods. However, shallow riffles or cobble <br />bars are used for spawning by both species (Tyus and Karp 1990; Tyus 1991). <br />Backwaters are important habitats for young of both species (Tyus and Haines 1991; <br />Gutermuth et al. 1995). Throughout the year many different habitats are used by <br />different life stages of the two species. Providing a variety of usable habitats in the <br />appropriate spatial and temporal relationship will be important to recovery of these <br />two endangered fishes in the Gunnison River. This study described the relationship <br />between fish habitat and river discharge in the Gunnison River. <br />The overall goal of this study was to quantify changes in fish habitat in the <br />Gunnison River with changes in river flow and to use that information to assist with <br />making flow recommendations for operation of the Aspinall Unit. The objectives of <br />the study were: <br />1. Use a combination of airborne videography and ground truthing to quantify <br />macro habitat at different flow levels. <br />2. Use channel cross sections to describe changes in river morphology over <br />time. <br />2 <br />
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