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dwellings and animal confinement facilities and be resold or leased for other purposes such as farming, hunting or grazing at a rate that will repay the Program by the end of the first increment. Potential Effects: Restored or created and maintained wetland areas will provide roosting and foraging areas for whooping cranes increasing survival, if habitat along the Platte River limits whooping cranes survival. V. INTEGRATED MONITORING AND RESEARCH PLAN (IMRP) To implement the 6-step process described in Figure la, the hypotheses developed in the assessment stage must be harmonized with the design of actions and associated monitoring in the design stage. This will occur in the remaining July 1997 Cooperative Agreement period using the process described in Section I.F.1., above. The CEMs and hypotheses determine what is accomplished in the IlVIRP. Ultimately, for each hypothesis, the AMP will articulate: ? what monitoring protocols will be used (Table 1); ? what management actions will be applied where and when to create spatial and temporal contrasts; ? what measurement precision of key indicators is attainable with the proposed protocols; ? what specific methods of data analysis will be used, and ? based on all of the above, what size of effects are desirable and detectable over what time period, with what levels of Type 1 and Type 2 error (e.g. concluding that a habitat feature benefits a species when in fact it doesn't, or concluding that a habitat feature doesn't benefit a species when in fact it does). V.A. Introduction As discussed above, effective adaptive management requires a thorough monitoring and research effort to collect vital knowledge for decision making. This section, Integrated Monitoring and Research Plan (IMRP) is designed to deterinine the biological response of the target species and their habitats to the actions throughout the entire study area, on Program lands, and in specific project management areas, during the First Increment of the Program through scientifically designed monitoring and research. The monitoring and research measures for the First Increment of the Program are composed of compliance monitoring and biological response monitoring and research (Figure 12). This section of the AMP focuses on the biological response monitoring and research for the Program. Information derived using the IMRP along with information from the FWS, state agencies, and others regarding the species biology, status, and recovery in the region, will be used to evaluate the Program's First Increment and overall species recovery assuming comparable methods and metrics are used in all areas. The Governance Committee will also use this information in the adaptive management of Program lands, Program activities, and the overall Program when developing Second Increment milestones. Monitoring and research will be used to determine impacts on valued ecosystem components. Adaptive management decisions will be iniproved if statistically valid and meaningful monitoring and research data are gathered at the System, Program lands, and Project Scales September l, 2006 Adaptive Management Plan 27