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<br />summer in North Dakota, while a parallel program for meteorology interns performs the <br />same purpose for radar operators. <br /> <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />The Weather Modification Association maintains a certification program for <br />meteorologists in the weather modification field. Certified Operator (CO) and Certified <br />Manager (CM) status is available to those who meet specific operational and educational <br />criteria. <br /> <br />18. What safeguards are in place during cloud seeding operations? <br />Safety measures are typically employed on cloud seeding projects in the U.S. These may <br />include seeding suspensions in the event of specified snowpack thresholds, flooding <br />potential, severe weather such as tornadoes or funnel clouds, and aircraft safety concerns <br />such as severe icing or turbulence. <br /> <br />19. Who sponsors cloud seeding in the U.S.? <br />A wide range of entities sponsor cloud seeding programs in the U.S. They include <br />municipal, county and state governments; irrigation, water resource and water <br />conservation districts; airports; ski resorts; and private industry. <br /> <br />REFERENCES <br /> <br />AMS 1998: Planned and inadvertent weather modification. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 73, <br />331-37. <br /> <br />Sell, R.S., and F.L. Leistritz, 1998: Economic Impact of Reducing Hail and Enhancing <br />Rainfall in North Dakota. 29 p. <br /> <br />Smith, P.L., Jr., L.R. Johnson, D.L. Priegnitz, and P.W. Mielke, Jr., 1992: A Target- <br />Control Analysis of Wheat Yield Data for the North Dakota Cloud Modification Project <br />Region. Journal of Weather Modification, 24, 98-105. <br /> <br />Smith, P.L., Jr., L.R. Johnson, D.L. Priegnitz, B.A. Boe, and P.W. Mielke, 1997: An <br />Exploratory Analysis of Crop Hail Insurance Data for Evidence of Cloud Seeding Effects <br />in North Dakota. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 36, 463-473. <br /> <br />Register of Weather Modification Projects 2000 (TD No. 1094): World Meteorological <br />Organization, 2000. <br /> <br />Weather Modification Program, Fact Sheet No. 18,2001: Kansas Water Office, lp. <br /> <br />The current NAIWMC membership includes state agencies in <br />North Dakota, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, Nevada, California and Idaho <br />