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FLOOD10393
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Last modified
1/26/2010 10:13:25 AM
Creation date
10/29/2007 3:49:28 PM
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Floodplain Documents
County
Statewide
Basin
Statewide
Title
Engineering and Design - Design and Contruction of Levees
Date
3/31/1978
Floodplain - Doc Type
Educational/Technical/Reference Information
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<br />. <br /> <br />-4 <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />" <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />EM 1110-2-1913 <br />31 Mar 78 <br /> <br /> <br />past levees have been built by methods of compaction varying from none <br />to carefully controlled compaction. The local economic situation also <br />affec~s the selection of a levee section. Traditionally, in areas of <br />high property values, high land use, and good foundation conditions; <br />levees have"been built with relatively steep slopes using controlled <br />compaction, while in areas of lower property values, poor foundations, <br />or high rainfall during the construction season, uncompacted or semi- <br />compacted levees with flatter slopes are more typical. This is evident <br />by comparing the steep slopes of levees along the industrialized Ohio <br />River Valley with levees along the Lower Mississippi River which have <br />much broader sections with gentler slopes. Levees built with smaller <br />sections and steeper slopes generally require more comprehensive inves- <br />tigation and analysis than do levees with broad sections and flatter <br />slopes whose design is more empirical. Where rainfall and foundation <br />conditions permit, the trend in design of levees is toward sections with <br />steeper slopes. Levee maintenance is another factor that often has <br />considerable influence on the selection of a levee section. <br /> <br />b. Levee Types According to Location. Levees are broadly classi- <br />fied according to the area they protect as either urban or agricultural <br />levees because of different requirements for each. As used in this <br />manual, urban and agricultural levees are defined as follows: <br /> <br />(1) Urban levees. Levees that provide protection from flooding in <br />communities, including their industrial, commercial, and residential <br />facilities. <br /> <br />(2) Agricultural levees. Levees that provide protection from <br />flooding in lands used for agricultural purposes. <br /> <br />c. Levee Types According to Use. Some of the more common terms <br />used for levees serving a specific purpose in connection with their <br />overall purpose of flood protection are given in table 1-2. <br /> <br />d. Causes of Levee Failures. The principal causes of levee fail- <br />ure are <br /> <br />(1) Overtopping. <br /> <br />(2) <br />(3) <br />(4) <br /> <br />Surface erosion. <br /> <br />Internal erosion (piping). <br /> <br />Slides within the levee embankment or the foundation soils. <br /> <br />1-3 <br />
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