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Last modified
7/28/2009 2:32:01 PM
Creation date
10/22/2007 11:55:45 AM
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Template:
Weather Modification
Title
The Southern Plains Experiment in Cloud Seeding of Thunderstorms for Rainfall Augmentation Phase II (SPECTRA)
Prepared For
The Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation
Prepared By
Woodley Weather Consultants
Date
12/28/2005
State
TX
Weather Modification - Doc Type
Report
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SPECTRA II is to avoid contributing to, or even appearing to contribute to, a hazardous weather situation <br />affecting any part of the project sites. Some of the more obvious detrimental conditions include tornadoes, <br />excessively heavy rains that cause flash floods, severe erosion and large-scale crop damage, strong and <br />damaging straight-line winds, and large hail. Accordingly, the following criteria were incorporated into the <br />SPECTRA II Operations Plan: <br />(1) Tornadoes and/or funnel-bearing clouds will not be seeded. <br />(2) Cloud systems that have the potential for producing excessive rainfall in a short <br /> period of time, as well as all cloud systems within a 20-mile radius of those <br />systems, will not be seeded. <br /> (3) Storm complexes that are expected to produce large hail reaching the ground will <br /> not be seeded. <br />. <br />(4) Seeding will not be conducted on any convective complex designated by the National Weather <br />Service in a “severe weather or flash-flood warning. (Issuance of a severe weather, or flash- <br />flood, watch will not in itself force the suspension of research work.) <br />(5) Research activities may be suspended at the discretion of the project administrator (Bomar) or <br />the principal investigators (Woodley andRosenfeld) when, in the opinion of either, a hazardous <br />condition, other than those identified above, is known or believed to exist. Such judgment will <br />be based on their experience and knowledge of the situation. <br />4.6.2 Public Relations <br />. To facilitate the exchange of information about the research <br />between project personnel and the public and media, a few individuals weredesignated for this purpose: <br />George Bomar, representing the State of Texas (512/936-4313), along with his on-site spokesmen, Gary Walker <br />(806/456-2155) and William Woodley (720-635-0098). All questions about the research, including access to <br />personnel and research facilities, were directed to them. <br />5.0SUMMARY OF WHAT ACTUALLY HAPPENED IN SPECTRA II <br /> No research effort ever evolves as was planned. This was the case for SPECTRA II. As of Sunday, June <br />5, 2005, the first phase of the field activities of SPECTRA-II in 2005, focusing on the effect of hygroscopic salt- <br />powder seeding on cloud processes, came to an end. The weather during the 35 (1 May through 4 June 2005) <br />days of the experiment was a disappointment in that there were only 7 days with convection suitable for the salt <br />experiments. There were 20 days of suppressed convection and 6 days of disturbed conditions with rain and low <br />ceilings. Additionally, there apparently was suitable convection on 2 days, but their cloud bases exceeded <br />10,000 ft and could not be reached by the salt seeder. On 7 days it was necessary to deploy the salt seeder to <br />other areas in order to reach suitable convection. There was one deployment of project personnel and two <br />aircraft (Cheyenne and Ag Wagon) to Norman, Oklahoma with the intention of conducting a salt seeding <br />experiment within range of the NSSL dual polarization radar. Unfortunately, suitable clouds never materialized <br />and it was not possible to take advantage of this unique opportunity. During this period it was not possible to <br />deploy to Pleasanton, Texas, for the glaciogenic studies because of the primary commitment in West Texasto <br />the salt seeding experiments. A deployment came later in the summer with one base glaciogenic seeding event. <br />17 <br />
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