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<br />Table 4. <br />Year <br />IK6Y <br />1872 <br />1890 <br />1923 <br />.. <br />1937 <br />IYJ8 <br />1938 <br />]9-1-0 <br />1l}42-47 <br />19-1-7 <br />]948 <br /> <br />otfto <br /> <br />Pre-dam locations of tamarisk and native trees in Grand Canyon. <br /> <br />Notes <br /> <br />Few nmivt" (TeeS arc noted. The canyun I~ de.~crihed as harren. <br />Few native Iree~ are noted. <br /> <br />Se\'t"rallree.~ are noted <Illd rhn1ngraphl'u. N(llill11:m~k i~ visihle (\Venh, 14(6). <br /> <br />USGS c."peJlliun phulogr:Jphs ~how no Iilmari~k. nor do lhe Jlar1e~ 111t'IHin[] it. Tht"~, phnlOgrJrhed the Goodding Wlllov. at Gr::J.nllt" Park and <br />\mgt toI\Ollw(I(I{h a\ mile \96 :rnd 222. <br /> <br />Sharp note." largl: Inl'rl'U~C In native Willow ITee.; downstream frum Lavu FaJb R;Jpld. <br /> <br />ClUVt"T oh~er\'ed .."\1111\;" 1::I1T1Jm/.; l"Omlng in now on ~alldhars" in tht" vicinit}' of SJddk Canyon (milt' 47). Otherwise. :-.he specifically noteu <br />lew \arnari:-.k lree:-. helween Lee.; Ferry ..tnu Lake Meau. She note~ "weedy hacch:JrI~" but 1111 t;!l11arisk m Spring Canyun (mile 20-11. <br /> <br />Huge rOllonwouu Irt'(';. wert' reponed al Pre'ldenl Harding RapId (CtILlk. 19S71 and the e~pedit1on ~leplunJer ;I "hugt' WIllow" <l1 mile 19.t. <br />Nevills ohser\'ed tht' dcllJir tlcpmil.~ <lllhe head of Lake Mead wcre covered WIth t;ln1ilri.;k. <br /> <br />GolUWiller note.~ a large c()[[ol1wnou trce was pre;.cnt almile 220. <br />Ncvllls ob.;erveJ 1Ilva~ion of talllari~k <l1 the muulh of Spnng Canyon. <br />Nevills eXfledilion !intls ~hade under lamari~k trees Jt Kanab Crt'ek In 19-17. <br />Nt'vill~ e\pedilion find~ shade unda I;lmari~k trees at Whitmore Wash (mlk I~~-I; DOt'IT nnles lhal Willow lrees were .:lJsu presclll. Mar~lon <br />l1l'll'~ that "willow~ decorale wide ~nndy hcaches" ne,n mile I(}O. Doerr and Ne\'ill.s report thm a brge willow acros~ frOI11 Pumpkin Spring. <br />(Illile 21~) wa~ [x'ing t:nawed by beavers. Masland reslt'd under a large willow 1ree 011 Diwllond Creek. Doerr repons can~'olll11outh~ on <br />Lake Mead ~uppnrled dense qJnds nf ~oung lamari~b and will\1ws. <br />1951 S. Rl'illy noted ""beautiful greellt:lIl1amks" al Badger Rapid. The camp al Sail Water Wash had "many tanwnsk<' JS well as the debm fan ill <br />PTe~lden\ Hardin::: Rapid. S. Rel\\Y l:";.pecially noted "Ihe <,me\\ Ill' lam::msks" in the vlc',11l1y t,l Tanner R.lpiJ. <br />1950s PT. ReIlly note.~ tamarisk <Itl::Jndge (mIle 237) and Spring Can~'on~. TJlllolrisk was noted ill Bl'..II11('(:- Cabin up lhe LillIe Colorado. He doe.~ <br />not note rO!!On'-"lluJ llr ulher native trees. <br /> <br />IY55 P.T. ReIlly notes the willlw.s and lill1111mk at Spring Canyon were damJgcJ by J tlil;.h 11Ullu. 1955Beer rholt1grarh~ ~how wldeSrrl'Jd <br />ti.ll11:Jn~k. <br /> <br />Early 1960~ Lillon ob...en'ed lhattamari~k \1n lhe Lak MeJd delta wa;. peTiodically de~tnl~'ed hy n~es In the elevallLln Df the Inke: he rho1ograflhed the <br />harren delta. <br /> <br />EJrJy 19bO;. Fro...t rememhers n cOlll1nwood IreI.' Jlthe lll11ulh of Kanab Creek. <br />1971) l\1Jnin (1471) notes huge illcrea,e intaI11Jri~k. <br />IlJ77 J.N. Slaveley reml'mhl'r~ ~l.'l'ing Ihe eullllllwO\1d tree ntl11ile 220. <br /> <br />Graf) taken before Lois Jotter Cutters 1938 <br />photograph at Badger Rapid. Cutter spent considerable <br />time at Lee's Ferry in 1938. amid extensive media <br />coverage of her river trip. Sh~ remembered some <br />willows where the boats landed. but not the extensive <br />stands of tamarisk that now are present; her notes <br />indicale that tamarisk was present (Clover and Jotter. <br />1944). Other diaries from Lee's Ferry residents discuss <br />flowering tamarisk in 1936 (Reilly. 1999. p. 393) and it <br />is reported as occurring in Glen Canyon upstream from <br />Lee.s Ferry between 1933 and 1938 (Woodbury and <br />Russell. 1945). It is likely that tamarisk did not arrive <br />at Lee"s Ferry until the late 1920s or early 1930s. <br />whereupon it became established on the higher <br />terraces. <br />Olher places. such as the mouth of the Little <br />Colorado River (miles 61-L). were devoid of tamarisk <br />before Glen Canyon Dam. The first definite evidence <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />\ <br />. <br /> <br />of tamarisk here appears in mid-1950s photographs <br />taken by members of Mexican Hat Expeditions trips, as <br />well as Les Jones. Rigg and Nichols. who were on <br />those trips. stated they did not initially recognize the <br />mouth of the Lillie Colorado River when they arrived <br />in 1994. in par1 because of the dense stand of tamarisk <br />and willows. the eroded sand bars. and the low stage of <br />the Colorado River. <br />Tamarisk was rare enough in the pre-dam era <br />that its presence along the unregulated river was <br />recorded in diaries (Table 4). In 1938. tamarisk was <br />sparse. By the 1950s. tamarisk was present at places <br />where it had not been seen in 1938 (for e.xample. <br />Spring Canyon. mile 204.3-R). Tributary floods played <br />a role in limiting its spread; the willows and tamarisk <br />that had invaded the mouth of Spring Canyon were <br /> <br />SPECtFtC CHANGES OBSERVED IN GRAND CANYON 19 <br />