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<br />...;~:~ ~.>.,- <br /> <br /> <br />~ <br /> <br />;Ci:;:iY <br /> <br />r!?~~ <br /> <br /> <br />'l~,}~r~ <br />N.t~~;.:/.~: <br /> <br />~f~ <br />.[1 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />;~.."t'1~~'::'i <br /> <br />!If~ <br />I <br />~ <br /> <br />).,;..".::,~ ,'\. i< '. "',,;' :;".. :', '~~. ,..:~:,~> ;'~>;~;':;;41~~;:~/>~;',: ,:"f,!f.,il,,!;, <br /> <br />"", -'~ -; , <br /> <br />001529 <br /> <br />Cheyenne River Bas in area may be approximated by a <br />quantitative analysis of the geomor,phic, characteristic's , <br />of the region. Many other factors are, of course, impor- <br />tant, but they may only modify what is essentially a <br />geomorphic control. " (po 175) <br /> <br />Other drainage basin features are recognized as having an <br />ence on sediment yield and attempts are made to evaluate them: <br /> <br />infl u - <br /> <br />"The rates of runoff and sediment yield in the reservoir <br />watersheds are related to texture of topography and a dirnen- <br />s ionless topographic index, called relief ratio. In addition, <br />an upland erosion index based on geology, vegetation, infil- <br />tration rates, and drainage channel character is found by <br />multiple correlation analysis to be a useful tool for recon-, <br />naissance studies of erosion and the prediction of erosion <br />rates." (po 176) <br /> <br />An evaluation based O,n a, similar analysis should be made for each pro- <br />spective reservoir site. Table 8 of the study by Hadley', and Schumm <br />will supply supporting data. <br /> <br />Excessive bank sloughing in a stock pond is usually the res,ult of <br />steep, unprotected, and unsodded slopes, lack of proper fencing, frost <br />action, wave action on the larger impoundments, and poor approaches <br />for the stock seeking water. Most of the sloughing can be corrected by <br />cutting down the angle of the slope and gettingplatnts established. Small <br />brush types of plants are most effective asa permanent cover. In some <br />localities it may be preferable to prevent access of stock to the pond and <br />to pipe the water to suitably placed troughs below the pond. By proper <br />choice of trough location and proper treatment of the ,apron around the <br />troughs, trampling and damage to the range can be avoided or minimized. <br />This practice Ca!l1 res ult in improving the quality of the water in the stock <br />pond but it also has the disadvantage that seepage is not reduced by tramp- <br />ling on the pond fl oor. <br /> <br />Fencing of ponds is an effective and economical way of controlling <br />grazing in the service area. It is a simple and inexpensive means of <br />enforcing deferred or rotational grazing and the fence also makes it pos- <br />sible to exclude livestock when the pond becomes muddy or unsafe for <br /> <br />use. <br /> <br />39 <br /> <br /> <br />._;(:::;e::,:.>{,;~:: <br /> <br /> <br />i-"! <br />