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Last modified
1/26/2010 2:57:47 PM
Creation date
10/12/2006 4:13:26 AM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Water Supply Protection
File Number
8200.760
Description
Yampa River General
State
CO
Basin
Yampa/White
Water Division
6
Date
9/7/1976
Author
USGS
Title
Coal-Resource Development Alternatives - Residuals Management - and Impacts on the Water Resources of the Yampa River Basin - Colorado and Wyoming - September 7 1976
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Report/Study
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<br />Of\25tift <br /> <br />cally relative to water availabil ity and qual ity; techniques for util izing <br />economic, social, and demographic information in river~basin assessment <br />studies; and investigative programs for providing relevant hydrologic in- <br />formation. <br /> <br />An ongoing regional residuals-management analysis by the U.S. Geolog- <br />ical Survey (I. C. James and others, written conmun., 1976) is being car- <br />ried out in collaboration with the Yampa River basin assessment and seeks <br />to define the relations among water use, the prices of raw materials, and <br />the costs of modifying residuals to meet environmental standards. That <br />study will identify and evaluate strategies for reducing or modifying dis- <br />charge of waste materials in order to meet environmental-qual ity goals, <br />and will deal specifically with coal mining and conversion to electricity <br />or gas products. The study will provide an analytical basis for assess- <br />ing the impacts of coal-resource development on water resources and envi- <br />ronmental quality in the Yampa River basin. <br /> <br />APP ROACH <br /> <br />In assessing d.irect impacts on a basin's water resources, alternative <br />coal-resource development plans for a region need to consider a set of <br />composite activities consisting of coal mining, including overburden re- <br />moval and land reclamation; coal processing; coal conversion; and coal <br />transport. In the Yampa River basin assessment, coal-conversion alterna- <br />tives considered are electric-power generation by steam turbines and coal <br />gasification using the SYNTHANE process (Forney and McGee, 1972). Coal- <br />transport alternatives considered are conveyance of coal by slurry pipe- <br />1 ine and by unit trains. Within each coal-development component, resid- <br />uals management entails an economic and technological (mass-energy bal- <br />ance) evaluation of the process of converting residuals generated through <br />alternative levels and forms of treatment to eventual quantities and forms <br />of residuals discharged to the environment (Bower and Basta, 1973). <br /> <br />The concept of cross-media impacts (Reiquam and others, 1975) is an <br />important one in assessing possible impacts on water resources of coal- <br />development alternatives. As a specific example, power-plant stack gas <br />can be scrubbed by one of several methods for removal of sulfur oxides <br />(American Chemical Society, 1976). Certain byproducts (such as liquid <br />sulfuric acid or sol id elemental sulfur) may have potential economic value <br />and can be recovered through this form of residuals modification. None- <br />theless, disposal of generated residuals in some form is necessary. <br /> <br />The evaluation of the secondary impacts due to population growth and <br />related economic development will be aided by the appl ication of regional <br />economic input-output model ing capabil ities such as those developed by <br />Udis, Howe, and Kreider (1973). Such models for identifying amounts and <br />forms of residuals (I. C. James and others, written conmun., 1976; Howe <br />and others, 1975) are coupled'with the appropriate environmental models, <br />or other semiquantitative techniques are used, to estimate probable envi- <br />ronmental impacts. Results of these studies, in turn, will assist in <br />evaluation of residuals-management strategies and in the formulation of <br />overall pol icies affecting timing and extent of regional development. <br /> <br />4 <br />
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