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0023~{ ~ r~~ 6 ... "WATER REOOUROE DEVE.LOPMENT PROGRAMS mand for power was met only with difficulty. It will be necessary in the sixth 5-year plan to insure a rapid increase of power-producing capacity so as to satisfy fully the demand of the national economy and create a reserve power capacity. Whereas the total industrial output will increase by 65 percent the production of electric power is to be increased by 88 percent and the power- generating capacity by 120 percent. . Our country has abundant hydropower resources. Hydroelectric stations are profitable since they require no fuel and produce power at the lowest cost. Great attention will be paid in the sixth 5-year pIal). to the bUilding of hydr(),. electric stations whose capacity will be increased by 170 percent. United Natio.ns eco.no.mic files sho.w that Chairman Bulganin iden- tified and described the rivers and the hydro.statio.ns thereo.n that are to. yield these kilo.watt-ho.urs by 1960 plus.the"directive" o.f the Co.un- cil o.f Ministers (unanimo.usly adapted) co.mmanding the identical pro.gram the chairman o.utlined. As the "directive" co.vered all so.urces o.f energy, it was interesting to. no.te the Russians are co.mmitted to. a far higher increase in hydro.po.wer than in o.il, co.al, o.r thermal po.we:", energies, all o.f which they also. seek to. increase substantially by 1960. SIGNIFICANT FEATURES o.UTLINED Several o.ther significant items an the Russian electrificatio.n pro.- gram reflected in the British, United N atio.ns, Indian, and mast o.ther repo.rts are: . 1. The U. S. S. R. po.wer pro.gram seems to. be planned to. meet its industrial lo.ads primarily with less co.nsideratio.n o.f agricul- tural, rural, o.r do.mestic loads which, ho.wever, are not o.mitted. 2. The So.viet pro.gram is always internally justified o.n the basis o.f eventual fullpo.tential,multiple-purpo.se, basinwide de- velo.pment. 3. The transmissio.n pro.gram in span and I?ressure exceeds any anywhere. It calls far a single grid linkmg up o.f the vast U. S. S. R.o.perating at 400,000 vo.lts.. Relatively, there is no. installatio.n o.f this high vo.ltage o.r span in the U. S. A. The initial lines o.f this grid in the Euro.pean U. S. S. R. area are built and in o.peratio.n. They link the principal V o.lga River statio.ns and Mo.sco.w. The Siberian (eastern) sectio.n and the east-west tie are scheduled far o.peratio.n by 1960. . 4. There are no.w fo.ur hydro.electric statio.ns either co.mpleted, in o.peratio.n, o.r under co.nstructio.n in the U. S. S. R., any o.ne o.f which will exceed the capacity o.f Grand Co.ulee o.n the Co.lumbia River in Washingto.n, which has lo.ng been the largest single hydro.po.wer pro.ducer anywhere. They are Kuibishev and Stalin- grad, no.w generating an the V o.lga River, and Bratsk an the Angara River, and Krazno.yarsk o.n the Yenisei River, bo.th in co.nstructio.n in Siberia. They were undertaken individually o.n an o.verlapping schedule during the years the United States co.n- sidered its ability but did no.t undertake to. erect Hells Canyo.n an the Snake River, the o.nly co.mparable, if lesser, hydro. statio.n in America. . 5. With the terracing of the Vo.lga-Do.n interco.nnected river system in Euro.pean U. S. S. R. well to.ward but no.t finally co.m- pleted, the So.VIets no.w are turning to. the vast hydro. po.tential o.f the Arctic-bound central Siberian, Angara, Ob, and Yenisei