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<br />FIr,JJRE (1) <br /> <br />sho>'s a typical daily demand pattern and FIGURE (2) B <br /> <br />illust"-ative of a typical annual demand Cl1't"ve. These charts demonstratp. <br /> <br />,.flat is meant hy daily peRk load and annual peak load. These figures R150 <br /> <br />show that a substantial paTt of t~e load is on a continuous basis. The <br /> <br />problem of the electric util~ty IS to rlevelop an econom1c methori of <br /> <br />~enerati.nlZ t11e r'igl,t amount of electrici.t:y so as to meet t~~ anticipat.e,; <br /> <br />demanns of evervbodv u5ing power on that ~vstem. Just mp.etin.g t'l-te contin-- <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />1I0US ciemAnd, ot' the lower poi.nt (valley). <br /> <br />is not eno1Jg'l-t h~cause t'!-tp next <br /> <br />ligl-tt that i.s turnp.d on creates an overlo;t{! on tl-te system. Convp.rselv. <br /> <br />conti.nuouslv ~enerr;Jti.n~ en(,1l4g~ POlo,rer to meet tl,e ppak maximum demanri ;9 <br /> <br />wastef41 and expensi.v~. <br /> <br />In t,e above example even the 200,000 kW plant would prohahlv not he <br /> <br />5ufficient. Records show t~at t:.l1e eneTRY demc:inil per l-tour at 1 :00 p.m. J~ <br /> <br />milch greater thRn at 1 :pO a.m. <br /> <br />'POloler demanil genp.ra11y follol-ls c"l fai.rly <br /> <br />orerlictahle rla;'y pattern. FIGURE 0) s'ho\ors t"P. nemrmn wi.l'. reach a peA.k <br /> <br />'.n tl,e 1atp. afternoon and be at its loto1est in t'hP.: ear'.y mnrning. 'T'l-te <br /> <br />ilai1.y peak demand must al1.vavs l,e met to prevent a brown- o-r hlack-lJut. <br /> <br />Stuoies s~ow there is also a nai1v minimum hp'l.ow ~~icl, t"e oemrtnd never <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />drops. <br /> <br />we 11. <br /> <br />r.oresponding tl-7eek1y. monthly, A.nd annual va1.lIes can he foond as <br /> <br />There are s~vp.ral wavs t~p. peak dp.mano can be met. <br /> <br />The single plant <br /> <br />desi~"erl with an QUtplJt capahle of meetipR t~e maximum annual pea~ demand <br /> <br />wou 1 d. except for the one t i.me eacl, vear w~en t"te max l1"1.Um da i 1 v ilemand <br /> <br />occur!=>. run at a pr.o'hil)i.tive1y low effi.cip.ncy: that 1S, energy consump.d as <br /> <br />fuel <br /> <br />would be Ear greater than enp.rgy p-roduced FlS electricity. A seconn <br /> <br />methon would he to divide th~ 'oRd into a ~aseloRd and peaking load. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />2 <br />