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, N i-' (0 <"Y) Salinity Increases in the Navajo Aquifer in Southeastern Utah 1,000 ',:i .!: .! " BROMIDE- TO-CHLORIDE RATIO IN STANDARD MEAN OCEAN WATER ... BROMIDE-TO-CHLORIDE RATIO / TYPICALLY EXCEEDED BY OIL-FIELD BRINES (WHITTEMORE, 1988) 8Cf) .Cf) ow XF 100 wZ 0::::> 0:'-:: 9~ G~ W~ 10 00 ~W ffi~ ... 1 ') '~ , it /~ , .:~ .f ( :;y i .~ . ...... .' j,: 'I , !j ! ,'k I J ! ~. '.,~ f .~ , i:. :~ ~, ,j .~ ".~ .~ ~ l .~ t .1 . '.~.~ ~ I Ii I .11.~." 'f :I:j .~ ;.~ :1 , 3 o 1 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 GHLORIDE CONCENTRAl10N, IN MILLIGRAMS PER KILOGRAM EXPLANATION ... NAVAJO AQUIFER . OIL-FIELD BRINES--Number above symbol refers to multiple samples o NON-OIL-FIELD BRINESnNumber above symbol refers to multiple samples <) INJECTION WATER Figure 5. Bromide-ta-Chloride Weight Ratios Compared with Chloride Concentration in End-Member Water Groups in and Adjacent to the Study Area. salinity of water in the Navajo aquifer. For the pur- poses of the mixing models, end-member chloride and bromide concentration~ were defined as the mean con- centrations (Figure 6). Mixing lines between the brine end~member water (OEB and non-OFB) and injection water with the end-m~mber water from the Navajo aquifer (chloride conceptrations less than or equal to 60 mg/kg) were constnicted using the equation: Cmix = Cl*V + C2*(1-V), (1) where Cmix is the bromide or chloride concentration of the end-member mixture, C1 and C2 are the bro- mide or chloride concentrations of the end-member water, and V is the volume fraction of tl)e Navajo aquifer end-member water. Thirty-five water samples from the Navajo aquifer with chloride concentrations larger than 60 Illg/kg were compared with the ratio shown on the construct- ed mixing lines (Figure 6). Except for one sample from the Navajo aquifer, the bromide-to-chloride weight ratio decreases with increasing chloride concentra- tion, closely following the end-member mixing line f~ il ~~ l ;~ :~ ;4 I',."t ~ 1127 WATER RESOURCES BULLETIN ;~"