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<br />. <br /> <br />!ltllt... did not ""ttle their controversy by comp",.t, the Supreme <br />Court had the power to determine the "ontrovers~' between the <br />Unit",j 8tat(>fllUld tbe State. <br /> <br />The right to aettle by eompaet proceeds upon the oovereignty <br />of the Stat,) and the sovereignty of the Nation, As stated regard- <br />ing another matter, "It is a matter between two sovereign <br />powers," (U. S. '-. La., 127 l'. S. 182, 189:) <br /> <br />The following quotatious h<>ar upon this geucrat ""pjeet of <br />power and s.eparate so\'ereif.,rnty: <br /> <br />"The powers not de-lf".gatNl to the rnited ~1tateH hy the Con. <br />5ttitntion. un!' prohibitpd hy i.t to the :StatcR. are reserved to the <br />~tAtt'~. I'N~pedi\'ely, or to the l)(>oplr.)' \ COlH~titntioll of the <br />rniu'tl ~tatet1, tenth amendHlt'nt..) <br /> <br />"It mn~t he re<'ollectPd that previous to the formation of the <br />IlPW ('on:stitution W'I' were divided into indcpend~nt ~t.:'1tt:"8, united <br />for ~()me JHlT'po!oOes, but in most respeets f4on~l'pign:' \ Chief .TuB- <br />tire MUrRhall in 8turgl's '-. Crowninshield, 4: 'Vheat.. 122, 192.) <br /> <br />"Hpft'rt'lll.'e has hee-,n made to the politirul situation of theBe <br />Btah's. a.nterior to its (C{}nHtitutlnn') formation. It ha~ been <br />Ndd that tlH~Y Wel'l\ !<\oreI'f>ign. wpre completRly indeppndent. and <br />wpre (~onneeted with each ollwr only by a leaguf', ThiH iR true." <br />(Chief .Tw;:tire !tlarshall in CiihhonR \'. Ogden, f) "~heat..' 1, 1~7), <br /> <br />"The l'llitl'd States are Roypreign fiS to all tllP powern of <br />nO\'el'11tllent artunlh Sm'I'{'nctered, IDal'h State in the l'nion is <br />~o\'(~reign as to all jJw IHnH't'R 1'(,l'lf'l'Vt"tl. It mURt J\ect'N~arily be <br />so, ht'>(':H1Sf~ the l"Ilitt'd ~ta1('~ h~l\"e 110 <'laiIB to Hny authn!'ity hut <br />~UdL as the ~t::ltj':'; ilan~ Sllrrf:lTlOPI't'(! to thew. Of ~'()unl(~. tlu: part <br />not t:tH'I'PIHlel"ed Ill11Rt J'prnain as it did hefore." (Chisholm v, <br />f;pol'giH, ~ naJL. 4lH. 435.) <br /> <br />.. J Il ,\ 1II(,J'ka t he P()WPl'~ of soyerE;'igllt,v are (lividetl hetween <br />tilt' (~oy(~rnlHent of the rnion and tho!-le of the States. They are <br />t'Rdl :;lOH'I'eip:u with 1'('~pe('t to lhe ohje(.tR {'olllt1lit.ted to it: and <br />Iwithp!" ~m'p,'['ign with 1'('~pN.t to rh~~ ohjeeb cOlUllJitted to the <br />ofhf>!'. (Cbit"f .fllI'l1i('{' \lar~hall in '{('Cnllodl \". ":\1an"land. 4. <br />\riH'at.. :111;,410.1 " , <br /> <br />"rlldpr tilt' .\l,ti.'lel:' of (\Hlf(~dpn.lti(jn p~idl Hlate l'etained itR <br />ROH'N,'igllt;r. ft'(.('tJ()1l1. and illlll'!I{'ll(]tmr-c, and e\'ery powel'~ juris~ <br />di(.tion. Hnd ri~ht not exprPHRly delegated to thf' enited HtUt('8. <br />C'nder the Cow~titntion. tllOugh the powers of the ~tate8 were <br />mueh rPRtrideu. :-II-ill all powe['f~ nut delegated to the l~nited <br />States. nor prohibitpd to tll(~ 8ln.tf'K, are reserved to the ~tate8, <br />l'Pspcftively. or to the people. ..And we hare already had Ol;('a. <br />sinD 1"0 remnrk at thiR tt~rm, that 'the !)('op]e of each State COlli- <br />P()~.' a, :4tate. havill~ HI:-; own ~O\'eI'IllllPI\t Rnd f:'lldow-ed with 0.11 <br />the functinllR t'H~ential to R€varatp and independent existenee,' <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />[ 19 ] <br /> <br />