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11/2/2015 8:55:14 AM
Creation date
10/27/2015 1:57:28 PM
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Reference Library
Title
IRRIGATIONIST SYMPOSIUM: WATER DEVELOPMENT HISTORY
Author/Source
DICK WOLFE, STATE ENGINEER
DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES
Keywords
HISTORY, DEVELOPMENT, WATER, IRRIGATION, DIVERSION, ERA, GOLD RUSH
Document Type - Reference Library
Presentations
Document Date
3/15/2012
Year
2012
Team/Office
Division 1 Office
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compensatory storage reservoir which provided water for existing and future Western Slope growth and <br />development. In December 1941 the construction of Lake Granby began. The lake stores water for <br />diversion to the Eastern Slope. It collects water from the Colorado River and its tributaries and saves it for <br />pumping into Shadow Mountain and eventually into Grand Lake. <br />From Grand Lake the water flows into the Adams Tunnel. A rock fill embankment, the East Portal Dam <br />creates a pond for the regulation of outflow from the Adams Tunnel and provides a head works for the <br />Aspen Creek Siphon which delivers water to Mary’s Lake. The CBT project resulted in 13 dams and 10 <br />reservoirs being constructed which includes Carter Lake Reservoir and Horsetooth Reservoir. Power <br />generation supplies an additional 18 pumping plants and 11 power plants. <br />Other parts of the South Platte River system also looked to the west as a source of water supply. In this <br />case the water user was primarily the Denver Water Board. The first of the diversion system they pursued <br />was from the Williams Fork and Fraser River basins. The Denver Water Board began construction of its <br />northern collection system in the 1930’s. The Gumlick and Vasquez tunnels deliver water from the <br />Williams Fork Basin. They also constructed a 27 mile collection system involving open and buried closed <br />conduit system to collect runoff to the Fraser River system. The water is delivered to the Moffat Tunnel <br />which was originally constructed as a first bore to aid in construction of the tunnel for trains crossing the <br />continental divide. The delivered through the Moffat tunnel is delivered to South Boulder Creek and Gross <br />Reservoir. From Gross Reservoir it is tunneled to Ralston Creek and Ultimately to Ralston Reservoir to <br />meet the needs of Northern portion of the City of Denver. As compensation to west slope water users <br />Williams Fork Reservoir was constructed to meet downstream senior water rights requirements. It also <br />provides replacement energy when Denver is diverting water upstream that impacts Green Mountain <br />Reservoirs power generation capabilities. <br />Denver completed the 23.3 mile long Roberts Tunnel in 1962 which delivers water from Dillon Reservoir <br />to the North Fork of the South Platte River. Roberts Tunnel was under construction 16 years and is the <br />world’s longest major underground water tunnel, it is nearly as long as the Chunnel under the English <br />Tunnel. Completed in 1959, the Williams Fork Dam & Power Plant was constructed to send water and <br />electricity to the Western Slope as compensation when Denver diverts water for use on the east slope. <br /> <br />Early Water Commissioner History <br /> <br />The first Colorado law that provided for the regulation of streams was enacted by the first Territorial <br />legislature in 1861. They enacted a statute that provided: That in case the volume of water in said stream or <br />river shall not be sufficient to supply the continual wants of the entire country through which it passes, then <br />the nearest justice of the peace shall appoint three commissioners...whose duty it shall be to apportion, in a <br />just and equitable proportion, a certain amount of said water upon certain or alternate weekly days to different <br />localities, as they may, in their judgment, think best for the interests of all parties concerned, and with a due <br />regard to the legal rights of all..." However, the earliest pioneer irrigators had little need for a law of this <br />character. At that time ditches were small and the water in the rivers was sufficient to meet their needs. <br /> <br />By 1876 when the Colorado constitutional convention was held its delegates were aware of the need to <br />resolve existing and potential disputes among irrigators. It was not a question of what doctrine was to be used <br />but of how the doctrine was to be administered. Actually the clauses in the State Constitution did little more
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