2013-04-10_PERMIT FILE - C1981019A (16)

Home Browse Search

Historic Properties Treatrnent Plan, Collorn Mine, Colorado 37 Flake Tool Analysis A basic bipartite classification will be used for flake tools. Flakes exhibiting intentional retouch along one or more edges (with or without usewear) will be classified as retouched flakes. Flakes that display evidence of macroscopic usewear only -- including use retouch, use step fractures, edge dulling or smoothing, and general edge attrition but not deliberate retouch - -will be classified as utilized flakes. The retouched flake tool category subsumes a number of traditional formalized flake tool categories including denticulates, gravers, spokeshaves, composite tools, etc. Where these categories are applicable, they will be used in place of more descriptive terms. Where more specific terms are not applicable, descriptive terms based on retouch type or location will be used, resulting in the classification of flake tools as bifacially retouched flakes, laterally retouched flakes, distally retouched flakes, etc. Likewise, the utilized flake category subsumes a limited number of more specific tool types, including notches and gravers. Where more specific terms are not applicable, descriptive terms (as with retouched flakes) based on location will be used. Flake tools that include both deliberately retouched margins and utilized margins will be classified as retouched flakes. All classification of specimens as utilized flakes is strictly on the basis of the observation of macroscopic usewear. Edge angles of retouched and /or utilized margins are recorded using a series of standard angle classes ranging from very acute ( <7.5 °) to perpendicular (90 °). Modified Cobble /Pebble Analysis Artifacts in this category derive from the limited modification of cobbles (6.4 -25.6 cm in size) or pebbles ( <6.4 cm in size). These tools exhibit flaking along one or more edges, but in contrast to artifacts in the bifacial reduction sequence, flake scars extend less than halfway across the cobble /pebble face. Typically, not all margins of these tools are modified, and tool form generally reflects the morphology of the parent material. Specimens that exhibit step 47599 TRC Mariah Associates Inc.