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INTRODUCTION <br />At the request of Bowie Resources, LLC (as represented by J.E. Stover and Associates), <br />and the Bureau of Land Management Uncompaghre Field Office (BLM), a Class 111 cultural <br />resource inventory and palentological assessment of two block areas totaling approximately <br />503 acres (173 BLM..332 Private) of land related to portions of Federal Coal Leases (Mod <br />C'OC -37210 and Mod COC- 61209) was conducted by Grand River Institute (GRI). The <br />prefield check -in was conducted on the 22n3 of August 2011 and fieldwork was performed <br />between the 23rd and 24" of August 2011. The fieldwork was conducted by Carl Conner, Jim <br />Conner. Dana Archuleta. Lucas Piontkowski. and Travis Archuleta, Carl E. Conner. Principal <br />Investigator. and Nicole Darnell prepared the final report. <br />This project was conducted and completed so that it will comply with federal and state <br />legislation governing the identification and protection of cultural resources on publicly owned <br />lands or lands which will be affected by a government action. Accordingly, this survey was <br />done to meet requirements of the Historic Sites Act of 1935 (16 U.S.C. 461), the National <br />I listoric Preservation Act INHPA) of 1966 (16 U.S.C. 470, as amended), the National <br />Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321). Executive Order 11593 (36 F.R. <br />8921). the Archaeological and historical Data - Preservation Act (A11PA) of 1974 (16 U.S.C. <br />469), the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701). the <br />Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979 116 U.S.C. 470aa et seq., as amended), and <br />Article 80.1. Colorado Revised Statutes. These laws are concerned with the identification. <br />evaluation, and protection of fragile. non - renewable evidence of human activity, occupation, <br />and endeavor reflected in districts, sites, structures, artifacts, objects, ruins, works of art. <br />architecture, and natural features that were of importance in human events. Such resources <br />tend to be localized and highly sensitive to disturbance. <br />On March 30.2009, the Paleontological Resources Preservation Act (PRPA) became <br />law when President Barack Obama signed the Omnibus Public Land Management Act <br />(OPLMA) of 2009. Public Law 111 -011. P.L. I I 1 -011. Title V1, Subtitle D on Paleontological <br />Resources Preservation (OPLMA -PRP) (123 Stat. 1172, 16 U.S.C. 470aaa) requires the <br />Secretaries of the Interior and Agriculture to manage and protect paleontological resources on <br />Federal land using scientific principles and expertise. The OPLMA -PRP includes specific <br />provisions addressing management of these resources by the Bureau of Land Management <br />(BLM), the National Park Service (NPS), the Bureau of Reclamation (BOR), the Fish and <br />Wildlife Service (FWS), and the U.S. Forest Service (USES) of the Department of Agriculture. <br />The OPLMA -PRP only applies to Federal lands and does not affect private lands. It provides <br />authority for the protection of paleontological resources on Federal lands including criminal <br />and civil penalties for fossil theft and vandalism. <br />Accordingly. the purposes of the inventory were to conduct an intensive archaeological <br />and paleontological survey of areas potentially subject to direct impact from the proposed coal <br />mining operations: to identify and accurately locate archaeological paleontological sites andlor <br />