2013-05-01_PERMIT FILE - M2013014

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82 Soil Survey of adapted plants help to ensure the establishment and survival of seedlings. 81— Stoneham -Fort Collins loams, 3 to 5 percent slopes Setting Location: This map unit occurs dominantly in the southwestern part of the survey area. Elevation: 4,301 to 5,200 feet Mean annual precipitation: 13 to 16 inches Frost -free period: 145 to 148 days Note: This map unit is on gently sloping plains. The Stoneham soil is on summits and side slopes. The Fort Collins soil is on toeslopes and footslopes. The native vegetation is mainly grasses. Component Description Stoneham and similar soils Percent of the map unit: 50 percent Landform: Plains Landform element: Summits Slope range: 3 to 5 percent Surface layer texture: Loam Depth to restrictive feature: More than 60 inches Drainage class: Well drained Parent material: Fine -loamy eolian deposits over fine - loamy alluvium Native plant cover type: Rangeland Flooding: None Available water capacity: Mainly 10.6 inches Typical profile: A -0 to 3 inches; loam Bt -3 to 6 inches; clay loam Btk-6 to 10 inches; clay loam Bk1 -10 to 27 inches; loam Bk2 -27 to 60 inches; loam Fort Collins and similar soils Percent of the map unit: 30 percent Landform: Plains Landform element: Toeslopes, footslopes Slope range: 3 to 5 percent Surface layer texture: Loam Depth to restrictive feature: More than 60 inches Drainage class: Well drained Parent material: Fine -loamy eolian deposits over fine - loamy alluvium Native plant cover type: Rangeland Flooding: None Available water capacity: Mainly 10.4 inches Typical profile: A -0 to 5 inches; loam BA -5 to 9 inches; loam Bt -9 to 19 inches; clay loam BCk -19 to 26 inches; clay loam Ck -26 to 60 inches; loam Additional components Kimst and similar soils: 5 percent Olnest and similar soils: 5 percent Sampson and similar soils: 5 percent Ulmet and similar soils: 4 percent Lodgepole and similar soils: 1 percent Management Major uses: Nonirrigated cropland and rangeland The main limitations affecting nonirrigated crops are low precipitation, low organic matter content, and the hazards of water erosion and soil blowing. The Kimst soil is subject to lime- induced chlorosis. A high content of lime decreases the available supply of most plant nutrients. Chlorosis is apparent, particularly in beans and grain sorghum. If the Stoneham soil is tilled deep, it is subject to lime- induced chlorosis. Returning crop residue to the soil or regularly adding other organic material improves fertility, reduces the hazard of soil blowing, and increases the water intake rate. Areas of the Stoneham and Kimst soils are more susceptible to soil blowing than areas of the Fort Collins soil. Because the amount of precipitation is not sufficient for annual cropping, the best cropping system for nonirrigated crops is one that includes small grain and summer fallow. Tillage should be minimized and should be on the contour or across the slope. Terraces reduce the runoff rate, help to control erosion, and help to conserve moisture. Controlled livestock management is the major management practice needed on this map unit. The main limitations affecting windbreaks and environmental plantings are low precipitation and the hazard of soil blowing. Planting the trees on the contour helps to conserve moisture. Summer fallow, cultivation for weed control, and selection of adapted plants help to ensure the establishment and survival of seedlings. 82— Stoneham -Kimst -Fort Collins foams, 5 to 15 percent slopes Setting Location: This map unit occurs dominantly in the southwestern part of the survey area and is also adjacent to major drainageways.