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EFCI also utilizes direct replacement or live-handling of topsoil <br /> where practical . In live handling, the "A" horizon is separated <br /> from the "B" horizon (subsoil) . The common practice is, as the <br /> footprint of the refuse disposal pile proceeds westward, to strip <br /> the topsoil and carry it to the top of the refuse pile where it is <br /> placed over the subsoil material which has been graded over the <br /> refuse lift. The mine is permitted for a permanent topsoil pile <br /> atop the refuse area. This topsoil pile is designated M-4 . <br /> Backfilling and grading will re-establish contours to approximate <br /> original configuration with existing landforms . <br /> Revegetation <br /> Revegetation techniques for reclamation of the mine site are <br /> covered in Section 2 . 04 . 10 of the permit application and have been <br /> approved by the Division. EFCI uses both a temporary and a <br /> permanent seed mix. The temporary seed mix is used in areas that <br /> will be re-disturbed in the future and offers prevention against <br /> significant erosion. In general the reclamation plan calls for the <br /> disturbed areas, once ripped and topsoiled, to be seeded in the <br /> late fall . Successful reseeding at the mine site has occurred as <br /> late as January due to the nature of the mild winters at the site. <br /> EFCI has seeded, and will seed, the disturbed areas with both a <br /> temporary and permanent seed mix which has been approved by the <br /> Division and can be found in Section 2 . 05 .4, page 21R of the permit <br /> application. Both drill and broadcast seeding methods have been <br /> used at the site to re-establish vegetation. Straw mulch has been <br /> and will be applied at the rate of 2 tons per acre. Following <br /> mulch application, the mulch is crimped to prevent wind loss using <br /> a conventional disk. <br /> Shrub and tree saplings have been planted on the refuse pile with <br /> limited success due to deer and elk foraging on the tender <br /> transplants . The permit commitment by EFCI to re-establishing <br /> woody plants is 4 trees and 12 shrubs per acre . Transplants have <br /> included one-seed junipers, ponderosa pines, skunkbrush sumacs, red <br /> cedars, mountain mahoganies and pinion pines . <br /> Water Rights and Usage <br /> EFCI currently has the legal right to utilize water from the Corley <br /> Mine Well for mining, processing and related operations . Records <br /> taken over the last 22 years suggest no negative impacts or <br /> Southfield Mine Permit Renewal 03 <br /> 24 <br />