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JD -6 Mine Environmental Protection Plan 14 <br />higher TDS concentrations (1,140 to 3,040 mg /L). No other groundwater was encountered at the Pinon <br />Ridge site in the Paradox Valley, as the alluvium was dry. Similarly, Weir, et al., (1983) reported that total <br />dissolved solids in the alluvium of the Paradox Basin ranged from 302 to 1,560 mg /L, with an average of <br />770 mg /L. These concentrations naturally exceed SMCLs established for drinking water. <br />5.4.1.3 Vanadium <br />No MCL currently exists for vanadium; however, the Superfund Removal Action Level for vanadium is <br />0.25 mg /L and the Colorado agricultural standard is 0.1 mg /L. SPLP leachates of waste rock (0.5 mg /L) <br />exceeded the agricultural groundwater quality standard by a factor of five. <br />Vanadium concentrations in groundwater collected from monitoring wells and pumping wells in 2010 from <br />the Pinon Ridge site ranged up to 0.035 mg /L (Energy Fuels, 2011). Elsewhere in Colorado, at the New <br />Rifle Processing Site, the Ground Water Compliance Action Plan set an alternate concentration limit (ACL) <br />of 50 mg /L for vanadium which was determined to be protective at the Colorado River point of compliance <br />(DOE, 2010). <br />5.4.1.4 Uranium <br />Notably, uranium did not exceed drinking water standards in the SPLP leachates from the ore or waste <br />rock. However, uranium is discussed here because uranium has been identified as the potentially toxic <br />material necessitating the EPP. <br />Soils surrounding the JD -6 waste rock piles have a high potential for sequestration of radioactive materials <br />according to information developed by the NRCS (2012). Table 8 shows that the Ustic torriothents, <br />Monogram Loam, and other soils on and near the site have very low bioavailability of radioactive <br />constituents and a very high potential for sequestration of radioactive materials. The bioavailability of all <br />soils is rated as 0 due to cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, or organic sorption (Table 8) while the <br />sequestration potential of all soils is rated as 1.0 due to adsorption by clay. Sequestration potential based <br />on adsorptive capacity due to CaCO is rated at 0.82 to 1.0 for all soils except the Monogram Loam, which <br />is rated at 0.50. Sequestration immobilizes or impedes the transport of constituents in the environment. <br />4148A.120927 Whetstone Associates <br />