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Specific management strategies for undesirable weeds are as follows: <br />1. Canada Thistle <br />A. Mechanical and Chemical Control - Mowing can occur throughout the growing <br />season in order to keep the plants from going to seed. Mowing should be terminated <br />in late August followed by an herbicide treatment during late September through <br />October, before a hard frost. <br />B. Cultural and Chemical Control - Use a short residual herbicide followed by a seeding <br />with a competitive grass such as smooth brome or other sod forming species (natives <br />preferred). <br />C. Chemical Control Only - Herbicide applications can be applied from rosette to bud <br />stage and if needed, retreated in the fall. <br />2. Musk Thistle <br />A. Mechanical and Chemical Control - Mowing to occur throughout the summer to <br />address the bud stage of the thistle. Apply an herbicide in October to new rosettes <br />and any bolted plants. <br />B. Mechanical Control Only — Conduct multiple mowings during the summer (two to <br />four) to keep seeds from being produced. <br />C. Chemical Control Only — Use an herbicide that is not harmful to aquatic wildlife and <br />vegetation in the spring and fall. <br />3. Diffuse Knapweed <br />A. Cultural and Chemical Control - Apply herbicide in early summer when knapweed is <br />in the rosette through bolting stage. Reseed area with competitive perennial sod <br />forming grasses. Another herbicide application utilized the following year as needed <br />to prevent plants from going to seed. <br />B. Mechanical and Chemical Control — During the growing season, mow when the <br />knapweed is in the bud stage to prevent seeding. If necessary, an herbicide <br />application to any plants that have re- bolted will be made in the fall. <br />C. Mechanical Control Only — To reduce seed set, mow throughout the summer season. <br />D. Chemical Control Only — The herbicide application is to be made during the rosette <br />stage (spring or fall) and while bolting. <br />4. Russian Knapweed - This weed is typically not found in riparian or wetland areas. <br />However, if this undesirable plant is detected the following control techniques can be <br />applied. <br />A. Cultural and Chemical Control - An herbicide application, using short residual <br />herbicides can be used followed up by seeding the area with a competitive grass such <br />as smooth brome or other sod forming species. <br />B. Mechanical and Chemical Control - Mowing can be carried out throughout the season <br />with the first and successive mowing cycles carried out at the bud stage. A herbicide <br />treatment can then be made in the fall before a hard freeze. <br />C. Mechanical Control Only - Mowing can be carried out throughout the season, which <br />will reduce seed set. <br />D. Chemical Control Only - Herbicide applications can be made to the knapweed during <br />the bud stage and in the fall if necessary. <br />2 <br />