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Photographic Record <br />Within each reclamation and reference area, representative color photographs were taken to document <br />the appearance of the vegetation in 2010 (Appendix 4). Within each reclaimed area photograph, a <br />placard identifies the particular area and sample. <br />Statistical Methods <br />Sampling was conducted at randomly located sites. Random map points for sampling locations were <br />generated randomly using ESRI ArcMap 9.3 software and Hawth's Analysis Tools for ArcGIS (Beyer <br />2004). Garmin GPS60 units (accuracy to 3 m) and topographic maps were used in the field to locate <br />random points. Cover and transects were randomly oriented; production samples were located randomly <br />behind the transect origin. At each cover /woody plant density sampling location, the slope, expressed as <br />a percent, and aspect of the site, in degrees not corrected for magnetic declination, were determined and <br />recorded, as was the orientation of the transect. <br />Assessment of Reclamation Adequacy <br />GENERAL <br />Formal (statistical) hypothesis testing (see below) was undertaken for the Phase II Bond Release Block <br />(post -law, Permanent program lands). <br />SAMPLE ADEQUACY DETERMINATION <br />Sample adequacy was evaluated based on total live allowable herbaceous cover by vascular plants using <br />the following expression: <br />_ 1 <br />nm — (dX) <br />where: <br />n, = minimum sample size <br />s = Sample variance (n -1 degrees of freedom) <br />d = Precision (0.10 for cover and production; 0.15 for woody plant <br />density) <br />x = Sample arithmetic mean <br />t = The (a =.10) t -table value for a 1 tail t -test, n -1 degrees of <br />freedom (infinite degrees of freedom may be used if n >30) <br />see Rohlf and Sokal 1969 <br />n = Sample size <br />4 <br />