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• Section 780.21(b) Continued. <br />Additional discussion and the presentation of site specific plans and'--- - <br />design criteria, both hydrological and geotechnical, are set forth <br />under Sections 780.25, 816.46, 816.49, and in Exhibit 42, Drainage <br />and Sediment Control Plan. <br />Surface Water Quantity Protection <br />Potential Impacts of Mining on Surface Water Quantity <br />Mining and associated activities have the potential of creating <br />changes in the existing surface water quantity, flow rates and <br />direction and location of surface water drainage. The potential <br />mechanisms of impact with respect to the Kerr Coal operation are: 1) <br />impoundment of water in sedimentation pond; 2) diversion of overland <br />flow and ephemeral streams with ditches; 3) detention of surface <br />water in pits 4) removal and replacement of topsoil along with <br />subsequent revegetation; and 5) modification of small ephemeral <br />drainages. <br />The filling of sedimentation ponds may not only decrease peak flow <br />rates, but also may reduce the amount of water available downstream. <br />Diversions of overland flow and ephemeral, intermittent and perennial <br />streams may deprive small areas of water, but will not reduce the <br />total amount of water downstream. Detention of water in mine pits <br />may decrease peak flow rates and can reduce the amount of water <br />available downstream. Removal of topsoil may increase flow rates and <br />runoff volume; replacement of topsoil and revegetation, as discussed <br />in this Section under the heading of <br />780-99R Revised - January, 1991 <br />