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Historic Properties Treatment Plan, Collom Mine, Colorado 38 <br />fracturing or crushing resulting from use will be classified as choppers. The same margin <br />analysis terms employed for flake tools will be used for analyzing modified cobbles and pebbles. <br />Cores and Tes Material Analysis <br />Cores are defined as nodules of raw material exhibiting at least four negative scars from the <br />deliberate removal of flakes. Artifacts in the biface reduction sequence often serve a double <br />function as cores. Only those specimens that exhibited definite primary use as cores will be <br />classified as cores. Cores are further classified according to direction(s) of flake removal. <br />Cores from which flakes were removed randomly or in a variety of directions are classified as <br />multidirectional cores, cores from which flakes were removed in opposing directions (as from <br />a biface) are classified as bidirectional cores, and cores from which flakes were removed in <br />a single direction (as from the base of a cone or cylinder) are classified as unidirectional cores. <br />i b Pebbles, cobbles, and chunks of raw material from which flakes were removed for the purpose <br />of examining the quality of the stone are classified as tested material. Tested material is <br />distinguished from cores by the presence of only one to three flake scars. Most tested artifacts <br />probably represent assay pieces that were discarded after determination that the material was not <br />suitable for further reduction. <br />Debitage <br />The unutili zed debris resulting from flaked stone reduction is classified as debitage and includes <br />flakes and shatter resulting from reduction activities (but not debris resulting from exposure to <br />heat). Flakes are the material removed from a flaked stone tool or piece of raw material to form, <br />thin, or sharpen it. They are characterized by the presence of a platform, bulb of force, and /or <br />other distinctive flake attributes. Angular debris /shatter derives from the failure of cores, tools, <br />blanks, flakes, or other pieces of raw material during lithic reduction activities. <br />47599 TRC Mariah Associates Inc. <br />