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<br />TABLE OF CONTENTS <br />Page <br />LJ <br />ABSTRACT 1 <br />INTRODUCTION 1 <br />THE CHEMICAL NATURE OF MINE DRAINAGES 3 <br />The Weathering of Rocks 3 <br />The Weathering of Ore Minerals 7 <br />The Secondary Reactions - Other Sulfides 9 <br />Microbes and Catalysis 14 <br />Summary of Weathering 16 <br />MINE EFFLUENT POLLUTION 18 <br />Health Standards 18 <br />Biotic Standards 20 <br />Effluent Standards 20 <br />Summary and Opinion 23 <br />PHYSICAL FACTORS AFFECTING DRAINAGE QUALITY 25 <br />Ore Petrology vs. Water Quality 25 <br />Ground Water Hydrology vs. Water Quality 29 <br />Ore Occurrence vs. Water Quality 35 <br />Summary 39 <br />ANALYSIS OF MINE WATERS 40 <br />The Basic Tests 40 <br />Conductivity of Mine Drainages 42 <br />Tests for the Nature of the Water 46 <br />Tests for Compliance to Regulations 50 <br />Tests for Maintaining Quality Control 51 <br />Summary 54 <br />SUGGESTIONS FOR WATER MAINTENANCE 55 <br />Water in Underground Operations 56 <br />Water in Above-Ground Operations 58 <br />Process Water <br />Conclusions 63 <br />ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 65 <br />REFERENCES 66 <br />APPENDIX - ANALYTICAL METHODS 71