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Total average vegetation cover, for first hits, was 32.1 percent. Total average vegetation cover, <br />for all hits, was 35.1 percent. Standing dead, litter, bare soil, and rock each had 1.5, 15.3, 35.9, <br />• and 15.3 percent cover, respectively (first hits). Average species density was 23.5 species per <br />100 sq. m. <br />Production <br />(Table 20) <br />Total average production was 712.0 Ibs per acre. <br />DISCUSSION <br />Climatic Conditions <br />Precipitation in December of 2007 totaled a record 3.92 inches of moisture. This was followed by <br />above-average precipitation from January through May 2008, which created much above average <br />snowpack levels for the region. Paradoxically, although the early growing season soil moisture <br />was ample, the June and July precipitation (Figure 6b) was far below average, leaving the <br />precipitation total for the 12 months preceding sampling just slightly above average (Figure 7b). <br />2008 was also a well below average year as regards temperature - in fact it was the coolest year <br />in the 22-year record (started in 1986) (Figure 10). These cooler temperatures likely extended <br />• snowpack duration and soil moisture somewhat further into the dry summer months providing <br />vegetation with much needed moisture, as the rest-of the summer would be characterized by well <br />below average precipitation (Figure 6b). In the context of the six or four-months preceding <br />sampling (Figures 8b and 9b, respectively) it is clear that the middle part of 2008 encountered <br />below average precipitation which essentially acted to stunt vegetation growth for the rest of the <br />season. At the time of sampling, it was clear that vigorous vegetation growth in both native and <br />reclaimed areas had encountered moisture deficiency with associated minor wilting and <br />predominant dull green luster. <br />Cover <br />Observed allowable herbaceous cover values used in derivation of the 2009 herbaceous cover <br />standard are compiled in the table below: <br />• <br />11