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These are essential management steps to ensure optimum desirable plant growth and <br />competition. However, competition alone seldom is effective against Canada thistle. <br />Chemical control. Research at Colorado State University shows that Tordon 22K <br />(picloram), Milestone (aminopyralid), Transline (clopyralid), Banvel/ <br />Vanquish/Clarity (dicamba) and Telar (chlorsulfuron) are effective against Canada <br />thistle. Canada thistle is difficult to control and re-treatment for one to three or more <br />years after the initial application is common. These herbicides are most effective <br />when combined with cultural and/or mechanical control. <br />UMC chooses to use Milestone as the chemical control. It is a broadleaf herbicide <br />that works well in the mountainous area where the mill is located. <br />Milestone will be used at the rate of 5 to 7 fl oz /acre modified for a two gallon weed <br />sprayer. The thistle will be spot sprayed during July and Aug before they bloom. <br />Mechanical control. Mowing may be combined with the cultural and chemical <br />control. <br />Biological control. No biological control will be used. <br />5. Monitoring Plan <br />The Leadville Mill will monitor the site for any noxious weed species on the State A list or <br />the Chaffee/Lake county list. The company will have the local weed control expert inspect <br />the property in late July. He will be asked to identify any new noxious weed infestations and <br />make any recommendations to the current management techniques. <br />The company will review both the local weed inspector's recommendations and the Colorado <br />State University's web site for noxious weed control and implement suggested techniques to <br />manage any newly identified species or to make changes to the existing control methods. <br />References: Colorado State University's web site for weed control - <br />http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/natres/03108.html <br />M1990-057 November 25, 2009