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29 <br />• the base metals and in the case of Na and K there appears to <br /> be no variation. The concentration ranges of the major <br /> metals in ground water samples taken from the Central City <br /> District show the same tight spread. It was found that <br /> these concentrations of Na, K, Mg, and Ca correlate well <br /> with the abundances of these elements in the wall rocks which <br /> are normally found along faults and veins in the Central <br /> City District (3). This suggests the relative amounts of <br /> these major metals in the water is a reflection of the compo- <br /> sition of the more important rock units in the mining dis- <br /> trict and the way in which these rocks weather. <br /> In summary, they are two sources for the chemical con- <br /> stituents in a mine effluent. The base metals and S04' <br />• <br /> are derived from the vein minerals and the abundance of py- <br /> rite in the veins is important in controlling the.levels of <br /> these metals in the mine effluent. The source of the major <br /> metals is the wall rock and the composition of the host rock <br /> determines the abundances of these constituents in the mine <br /> drainage. <br /> GROUND WATER HYDROLOGY VS. WATER QUALITY <br /> Describing the mechanisms for ground water recharge <br /> can become quite complex and relating this to water chemistry <br /> adds another dimension to the difficulty. However, studies <br /> in Pennsylvania on the water chemistry of springs issuing <br /> from carbonate terrains have generated two simple models <br />. for ground water systems and these can be treated as end <br /> members for all recharge systems (28, 29). The two aquifer