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0 TABLE OF CONTENTS <br />Page <br /> ABSTRACT 1 <br /> INTRODUCTION 1 <br /> THE CHEMICAL NATURE OF MINE DRAINAGES 3 <br /> The Weathering of Rocks 3 <br /> The Weathering of Ore Minerals 7 <br /> The Secondary Reactions - Other Sulfides 9 <br /> Microbes and Catalysis 14 <br /> Summary of Weathering 16 <br /> MINE EFFLUENT POLLUTION 18 <br /> Health Standards 18 <br /> Biotic Standards 20 <br /> Effluent Standards 20 <br /> Summary and Opinion 23 <br /> PHYSICAL FACTORS AFFECTING DRAINAGE QUALITY 25 <br />• <br /> Ore Petrology vs. Water Quality 25 <br /> Ground Water Hydrology vs. Water Quality 29 <br /> Ore Occurrence vs. Water Quality 35 <br /> Summary 39 <br /> ANALYSIS OF MINE WATERS 40 <br /> The Basic Tests 40 <br /> Conductivity of Mine Drainages 42 <br /> Tests for the Nature of the Water 46 <br /> Tests for Compliance to Regulations 50 <br /> Tests for Maintaining Quality Control S1 <br /> Summary 54 <br /> SUGGESTIONS FOR WATER MAINTENANCE 55 <br /> Water in Underground Operations S6 <br /> Water in Above-Ground Operations 58 <br /> Process Water <br /> Conclusions 63 <br /> ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 65 <br /> REFERENCES 66 <br />• APPENDIX - ANALYTICAL METHODS 71