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3 to 6 moist, and chroma of 3 to 6. The texture is loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, or thin layers of <br />sandy loam. The clay content is 18 to 35 percent. The rock fragment content is 0 to 30 percent, and is <br />predominantly pebble size. Reaction is moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline. The calcium carbonate <br />equivalent ranges from 15 to 40 percent. COMPETING SERIES: These are the Abra, Bighams, <br />Cibeque, Copeman, Creel, Darvey, Harvey, Hernandez, Honlu, Numa, and Pultney series. Abra, <br />Cibeque, Darvey, Harvey, Hernandez, Honlu, and Numa soils are deep. Pultney soils have 10YR and <br />yellower hues and have 10 to 15 percent exchangeable sodium in the Cky horizon. Bighams soils have <br />a paralithic contact at 20 to 40 inches. Creel soils have soil temperatures of 54 to 59 degrees F. <br />Copeman soils have horizons of secondary gypsum accumulation. <br />GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bowdish soils are on mesas, benches, and escarpments. Slopes range from <br />1 to 30 percent. The soil formed in residuum derived dominantly from interbedded sandstone and shale. <br />Elevation ranges from 5,000 to 7,300 feet. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 9 to 15 inches. <br />Mean annual temperature ranges from 46 to 50 degrees F. The frost-free season is about 110 to 150 <br />days. <br />GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Pinon, Clovis, and Progresso soils. Pinon <br />soils have bedrock at less than 20 inches. Clovis soils are deep and have an argillic horizon. Progresso <br />soils have an argillic horizon. <br />DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to very rapid runoff; moderate permeability. <br />USE AND VEGETATION: They are used for limited livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The native <br />vegetation is pinon pine and Utah juniper with an understory of big sagebrush, galleta grass, Indian <br />ricegrass, and salina wildrye. <br />DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southwestern Colorado. The series is of moderate extent. <br />MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona <br />SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wayne County, (Henry Mountains Area Soil Survey), Utah, 1982. <br />National Cooperative Soil Survey <br />U.S.A. <br />(Revised June 2008) Attachment 2.04.9-3-19