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• absolute cover (COVER-ALL column in data tables) was calculated by dividing all hits (first-hits <br />and additional-hits) for a particular species by the total number of points taken (100). In addition, <br />all-layer relative cover was calculated using all hits for a particular species divided by the total hits <br />accumulated during sampling of the transect. <br />Herbaceous Production Sampling <br />Herbaceous production sampling was accomplished in reclaimed and reference areas using one- <br />half square meter (0.5 m2) circular plots within which all herbaceous growth in a vertical projection <br />was removed by clipping, separated by lifeform and placed in labeled paper bags. Lichens, <br />mosses, and woody plant species present in the sample plot were not collected. Clipped plants <br />were grouped into the following life forms as they were bagged: <br />- Native Annual / Biennial Forbs - Introduced Annual / Biennial Forbs <br />- Native Annual Grasses - Introduced Annual Grasses <br />- Native Perennial Forbs - Introduced Perennial Forbs <br />- Native Perennial Grasses & Grasslikes- Introduced Perennial Graminoids <br />Clipped material was returned to the ESCO laboratory and dried at 105 °C for 24 hours, then <br />weighed to the nearest 0.1 gm. <br />0 <br />Woody Plant Density Sampling <br />Woody plant density sampling was undertaken in the 2004 and 2006 reclaimed areas but not in <br />the 2007 reclaimed area or the reference areas. Sampling of background woody plant density <br />was conducted in conjunction with the cover and production sampling. In addition, shrub <br />concentration areas and a random sampling of woody pant density across the mine were <br />sampled separately. Woody plant density areas and sample locations sampled at the Seneca IIW <br />Mine in 2008 are shown on Map 2, "2008 Woody Plant Density Monitoring Locations". <br />Woody plant density samples were collected along 50 m transects. All shrubs and subshrubs <br />with root crowns located within the boundaries of 2 X 50 m quadrats (belt transects) were tallied <br />according to species and life stages as either seedling, mature, or dead. The presence of dead <br />individuals was recorded but did not contribute to woody plant density calculations. <br />Lifeforms Used in Data Presentation <br />As a tool to enhance understanding of the collected data, the contents of all data and summary <br />tables are organized by lifeform. Lifeform categories used here reflect growth habit and <br />provenance (place of origin). Lifeform categories used include the following: native annual and <br />. biennial forbs, introduced annual and biennial forbs, introduced annual grasses, native perennial <br />forbs, introduced perennial forbs, native perennial graminoids (includes grasses and grass-like <br />2