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• native perennial grasses and graminoids, introduced perennial grasses, native shrubs, native <br />trees, ferns (and fern allies), lichens, and bryophytes (mosses). <br />Plant Species Frequency and Density Measurements <br />During the course of cover sampling, all plant species occurring within one meter of either side of <br />the cover sample transect were noted as present. Frequency for each plant species observed <br />during sampling was calculated by dividing the number of sample transects in which the species <br />was observed by the total number of samples (see cover sample distribution by area above). As <br />such, this value is probably more correctly known as constancy. <br />The total number of species within each lifeform observed in each 100 square meter sample <br />provides a measure of "species density", indicating the relative species richness of different <br />areas. These measures provide a means of examining progress toward the return of diverse <br />species composition in the reclaimed areas. <br />Plant Species Listing <br />Scientific names used follow Weber and Wittmann (1996); common names cited are found in <br />Beetle (1970), Nickerson et al. (1976), or Soil Conservation Service (1979). Cross-references <br />• between older names and the revised scientific nomenclature for the flora of Western Colorado <br />used here can be made by reference to Appendix 2 of this report. <br />During the course of the fieldwork, a list of all plant species encountered (quantitative plus <br />incidental observations) was compiled for each reclamation area and the three reference areas. <br />These lists are summarized in Appendix 2, Species Presence for All Areas, which includes <br />current nomenclature and cross-references to older nomenclature. Note that all big sagebrush <br />plants encountered were referred to as Seriphidium tridentatum. Plants referred to here as Poa <br />secunda are the plants formerly known as big bluegrass (Poa ampla) that were included in the <br />seed mixes as such. The taxonomic treatment of Weber and Wittmann (1996) places Poa ampla <br />(as well as Poa sandbergh) with Poa secunda. Despite this merger, the distinctness of Poa <br />ampla is worth noting. Mountain bromegrass encountered during sampling is referred to as <br />Ceratochloa polyantha in recognition of its perennial habit compared to the C. carinatus taxon <br />described in Weber and Wittmann (2001) which is an annual. Several potentially different rose <br />species (Rosa spp.) with buttress thorns have been encountered in the reclaimed areas - these <br />are all lumped into Wood's rose (Rosa woodsii) - the species included in seed mixes. <br />• 3