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2.6 <br />TABLE 1 - TYPICAL SOIL AND ROCK PROPERTIES <br />Description Unit weight Friction Copes ion <br /> (Saturated/dry) angle <br />We Malerial Zblft3 kNIM3 degrees lb/rt2 kPa <br /> Loose sand. uniform grain size 118/90 19/14 28-34" <br /> Dense sand, uniform grain site 130/109 21/17 32-40" <br /> b oose sand, mixed grain size 124/99 20/16 34-40* <br /> Dense sand, mixed grain size 135/116 21/18 38-46* <br /> " <br /> a ravel, uniform grain size 140/130 22/10 34-31 <br /> v and and gravel, mixed grain size 120/110 19/17 48-45" <br />u <br /> <br />' o Basalt 140/110 22/17 40-50" <br /> c <br /> <br />? <br />Chalk <br />80/62 <br />13/10 <br />30-40" <br /> Granite 125/110 20/17 45-50" <br /> s, <br />Limestone <br />120/100 <br />19/16 <br />35-40" <br /> Sandstone 110/80 11113 35-45* <br /> y <br /> <br />.? <br />Shale <br />125/100 <br />20/16 <br />30-35" <br /> <br /> Soft bentonite 80/30 13/6 7-13 200-400 10-20 <br /> Very soft organic clay 90/40 14/6 12-16 200-600 10-30 <br /> Soft, slightly organic clay 100/60 16/10 22-27 400-1000 20-50 <br /> a, Soft glacial clay 110/76 17/12 27-32 600-1500 30-70 <br /> Stiff glacial clay 130/105 10/17 30-32 1500-3000 70-150 <br /> Glacial till, mixed grain size 145/130 23/20 32-35 3000-5000 150-250 <br />N Hard igneous rocks - 16o to 190 25 to 30 35-45 720000- 35000- <br />c granite, basalt, porphyry 1150000 55000 <br />' Metamorphic rocks <br />160 to 180 <br />25 to 28 <br />30-40 400000- 20000- <br /> 800000 40000 <br /> quartrite, gneiss. slate <br /> o Hard sedimentary rocks - 200000- 10000- <br /> o? 150 to 180 23 to 28 35-45 600000 30000 <br /> limestone, dolomite, sandstone <br /> Soft sedimentary rock - <br />110 to 150 <br />17 to 23 <br />25-35 20000 - <br />400000 1000- <br />20000 <br /> sandstone, coal, chalk, shale <br />* Higher friction angles in cohesionless materials occur at low confining or normal <br />stresses as discussed in Chapter 5. <br />** For intact rock, the unit weight of the material does not vary significantly between <br />saturated and dry states with the exception of materials such es porous sandstones. <br />U39F D