|
Page: T/ti
<br />1 Diesel Fuels
<br />Section 11. Toxicological Information
<br />Toxictttf data
<br />DIESEL EXHAUST FUMES have been reported to be a potential occupational carcinogen in humans by NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 50.
<br />HEPTANE can affect the body If n is Inhaled, comes in contact with the eyes or skin, or is Swallowed. Haptana vapor is a narcotic, Concentrations of
<br />WON to 15,006 ppm produced narcosis in mica within 30 to.60 minutes,. while 15,000 to 20,000 ppm caused convulsions and death. At 48,000 ppm,
<br />respiratory arrest was produced in mice in 3 to 4 minutes from the start of exposure.. Human subjects exposed to. 1,000 ppm: for 6 minutes,. or to 2,000
<br />ppm for 4 minutes, reported slight vertigo, At 5,000 ppm for 4 minutes, there was marked vertigo, Inability to walk a straight line, hilarity. and
<br />incoordination, but no complaints of eye and upper respiratory tractor rmrcous membrane, initiation, A 15•m[nute exposure at 5,000 ppm produced in some
<br />subjects a state of stupor lasting for 30 minutes after exposure. These subjects also reported loss of appetite; slight nausea, and a taste resembling
<br />gasoline for several hours after exposure. Although chronic nervous system affects have not been attributed to heptane, potynauntis has been reported
<br />(of owing.prolonged exposure to a petroleum fraction with toiling. range.between 70C and 100C, and this fraction would normally contain various isomers
<br />of heptane as major ingredients,
<br />n-HEXANE can affect the body if it is inhaled, comes In contact with the eyes of skin, or is swallowed. Hexane vapor is a narcotic and a mild upper
<br />respiratory irritant Polyneuropathy (peripheral nerve damage) has been reported to occur in workers exposed to hexane vapors, characterized by
<br />progressive weakness and numbness in the extremities, loss of deep tandon re6exes'and reduction of motor nerve conduction velocity. Recovery ranges
<br />from no recovery to,ownplete recovery depending upon the durationof exposure and severity of nerve damage. Concentrations of 30,000.ppn produced`
<br />narcosis in mice. vrithin 30 to 60 minutes, convulsions and death occurred at 35,ODO to 40,000 ppm,. and at 64,000 ppm respiratory arrest was produced in
<br />2.5 to 4.5 minutes from the start of exposure. Concentrations up to. 8000 ppm produced no anesthesia:. Inhuman subjects, 2000 ppm for 10 minutes,
<br />produced no effects, butt 5000 ppm resulted indzziness and a sensation of giddiness: Other investigators reported. slight nausea, headache and irritation
<br />of the eyes and throat at 14to to 1506 ppm. In industrial practice. mild narcotic symptoms such as dizziness have, been observed when concentrations
<br />exceeded 1600 ppm, but not below 500 ppm;
<br />NONANE causes a four hourLC50 in rats at concentrations of 3200 ppm, or at about me same level as VM&P Naphtha. This level is markedly lower then"
<br />the Ielhat.conCentradons reported In earlier mica studies involving octane (13,506 ppm) and heptane (15,600 ppm); supporting the lower Itnul for nations,
<br />OCTANE can rifled the body it it is inhaled; comes in correct with the skin or eyes ore svtalldwed. Octane vapor is a and narcotic and mucous membrane
<br />imlant. Concentrations of 6600 to 13,700 ppm produced narcosis in mice in 30 to W minutes, the fatal concentration for animals is near 93,500 ppm; No
<br />chronic systeriac effects have been reported in humans.
<br />NAPHTHALENE can affect the body if it is Inhaled, corms into contact with the eyes or the skin or if 4 is swalk ed, naphthalene vapor causes herrotysis
<br />and eye irritation, and may cause cataracts. Severe intoxication from ingestion of the solid results in characteristic manifestations of marked imravasddar
<br />hemolysis and its consequences. including potentially fatal hyperkelemtia. Initial symptoms include eye irritation,. headache, confusion, excitement,
<br />malaise; profuse. sweating, nausea., vomiting, abdominal pain, and Irritation of the Madder There may be progression to jaundice, hematuria,.
<br />hemoglobinurla, renal tubular blockage, andscute renal shutdown. Hematologic features include red cell fragmentation, icterus, severe anemia with
<br />nucleated red eels teukocytosia, and dramatic decreases in hemoglobin, hematoorit and red cell count; sometimes mere is formation of Heinz bodies and
<br />mothernoglobin, Individuals with a deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate, dahydrogenase in erythrocytes.may be more susceptible to hemotysieby
<br />naphthalene Cataracts and ocular anFatbn have been produced. experimentally in animals and have been described in humans. Of 21 workers exposed
<br />• to high concentrations of fumy or vapor for 5 years, 8 had peripheral lens opacities; in other studies, no abnormalities of the eyes have been detected in
<br />worker exposed to naphthalene for several years. The vapor causes eye irritation at 15 ppm. Eye contact with the solid may result in conjunctivitis,
<br />superficial injury to the comes, chorioretinitis, scotorm, and diminished visual acuity. Naphthalene on the skin may cause hypersensitivity dermatitis,
<br />chronic dermstitis is rare.
<br />HEXANE {$pl4Eri5 are three times as tonic to truce as is pentane. Narcosis was produced in mica. within 30-60 minutes at concentrations 0130,fl00 pprn.
<br />In man, concentrations for 10 minutes at 2000 ppm produced no effects, but 5000 ppm caused: dizziness and a sense of giddiness. Concentrations of
<br />1400.1500 ppm produced slight nausea;. headache, eye, and throat irritation.
<br />Inodient name Test Resutt Route Species
<br />Naphthalene LD50 486 mgtkg Oral Rat
<br /> LDSt3 316 mgtkg {;teal Mouse
<br /> LD50 12001mgtkg Oral Guinea pig
<br /> LD50 >2500 mglkg Dermal Rat.
<br /> LDLo 100 mgtkg Oral child
<br /> LDto 400 mgtkg Oral Dog
<br />Chronic off" on humans CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS. Classified A3 (Proven for animals.) by ACGIH, 3 (Possible
<br /> for humans.) by European Union ]Diesel fuei), Classified 3 (Not classifiable for humans.)
<br /> by IARC (biesel fuel], Classified 2$ (Possible for humans.) by IARC fNaphthalenel.
<br /> Classified A4 (Not classifiable for humans or animals.) by ACGIH [Naphthalene].
<br /> Contains material which causes damage to'the following organs: blood, kidneys, liver,
<br /> peripheral nervous system, upper respiratory track, sldn, central nervous system (CNS),
<br /> eye, lens or cornea.
<br />Other toxic effects on Very hazardous in case of eye contact (corrosive).
<br />humans Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation (lung irritant).
<br />Continued on next page
<br />r?
<br />63
|