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<br />consuming (estimate 5 to 15 years) for the present popu- <br />lation burst and would be better served if implemented <br />after alternative "A" has stabilized the prairie dog col- <br />onies to acceptable levels. <br />It is important to recognize that prairie dogs are part of <br />the prey base in this area for many wildlife species. Their <br />co-existence with livestock can be beneficial to maintaining <br />the ecological balance of the plant communities and wildlife <br />habitat needs. Proper pasture management practices should <br />include: <br />1. Leaving sufficient forage (50% annual growth) after live- <br />stock grazing to help control colony expansion and estab- <br />lishment. <br />2. Maintain good plant vigor and species diversity by selecting <br />the proper grazing seasons that are compatible with the <br />plant species desired to be maintained in each pasture. <br />3. Practice rotational grazing using restoration and/or defer- <br />ment. <br />4. Promote mid-grass and tall grass species by using appli- <br />cable grazing strategies. <br />5. Provide for planned prairie dog populations. <br />The agricultural management plan for Dowe Flats needs to address <br />much more than just controlling prairie dogs, grazing cattle <br />and dryland farming. The plan must take into consideration <br />several different dynamic ecosystems, such as, range eco-sites, <br />pasturelands, cropping systems, riparian areas, wildlife and <br />wildlife habitat. These dynamic ecosystems are as diverse <br />and complex as are the product benefits they provide. There- <br />fore, the management plan must address the proper management <br />needs of each ecosystem, as well as the animal impacts, while <br />maintaining a holistic balance between all ecosystems involved. <br />E. Wildlife Habitat Improvement <br />The wildlife habitat and wildlife that occupy these niches <br />are directly linked to agricultural management decision, for <br />the most part. Recognition of this link is critical to under- <br />standing habitat improvement alternatives. For example, stand- <br />ing annual grain crops are excellent for bird nesting, but <br />^ if harvested before the newborn fledge, it can be a disaster <br />~jl~ area for nesting birds. Not only are the young fledglings <br />generally killed but their parents also perish. Therefore, <br />a careful wildlife inventory is needed and critical habitat <br />needs identified. Habitat improvements should include: <br />- 16 - <br />