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<br /> <br />ASTM American Society for Testing & Materials <br />Angle of Friction (.Angle of friction benveen solid bodies.) (Degree) Angle whose <br />tangent is the ratio between the maximum value of shear stress that <br />resists slippage between two solid bodies at rest with respect to each <br />other, and the normal stress across the contact surfaces. <br />Bonded Seam Strength Strength of a seam of liner material measured either in shear or peel <br />modes. Strength of the seams is repotted either in absolute units: <br />e.g., pounds per inch of width; or as a percent of the strength of the <br />sheeting. <br />Breaking Strength Tensile force to break measured in pounds (Newton's) on a <br />supported or unsupported membrane. <br />Carbon Black Additive for elastomeric and plastic sheeting or film for ultraviolet <br />absorption and pigmentation. Typically I% to ?% of the base <br />product in the case of thermoplastics and crystalline thermoplastics, <br />and 10% to 4)% in the case of elastomers and thermoplastic <br />elastomers; impart a black color to the compound which retards <br />aging by ultraviolet light from the sun and increases the stiffness of <br />elastomeric compounds. <br />Crystallization, Polymer Arrangement of previously disordered polymer segments of <br />repeating patterns into geometric symmetry. <br />Density The mass per unit volume, (~IL~~)kg/ms[4]. <br />Dimensional Change A generic term for changes in length or width of a fabric specimen <br />subjected to a specified condition. <br />Direct Sheaz Test A shear test in which soil or rock under an applied normal load is <br />stressed to failure by moving one section of the sample or sample <br />container (shear box) relative to the other section. <br />Dispersion I) A distribution of finely divided particles in a medium; for <br />example a colloidal suspension of a substance. <br />2) A qualitative estimation of the separation and uniform <br />distribution of fibers, typically in a water suspension for wet <br />forming. <br />37 <br />