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have improved our understanding of the orchid's historic range and habitat <br /> preferences. <br /> Research. The following research projects have been initiated and are <br /> underway to increase our knowledge of the Ute ladies'-tresses: <br /> 1 . Pollination biology - USDA Bee Biology and Systematics Laboratory at <br /> Utah State University. <br /> 2. Seed germination, propagation, and transplanting - University of <br /> Colorado and Center for Plant Conservation membership institutions: Red <br /> Butte Gardens, Salt Lake City, and Denver Botanic Gardens. <br /> 3. Genetic analysis - University of Colorado at Boulder. <br /> 4. Demographics and life history - Dinosaur National Monument, City of <br /> Boulder Open Space Department, University of Colorado at Boulder, <br /> Colorado Natural Areas Program, and Utah Natural Heritage Program. <br /> 5. Habitat requirements and management - Dinosaur National Monument, City <br /> of Boulder Open Space Department, University of Colorado at Boulder, and <br /> Colorado Natural Areas Program. <br /> Management. Management activities include both Federal and local government <br /> efforts. The Bureau of Land Management, the Forest Service, the National Park <br /> Service, and the Bureau of Reclamation all manage lands where the Ute ladies'- <br /> tresses grows. The orchid also occurs on Ute tribal land with Bureau of <br /> Indian Affairs management responsibilities. These Federal agencies are <br /> responsible for insuring that all activities and actions on lands they manage <br /> are not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Ute ladies'- <br /> tresses. The National Park Service and the Bureau of Land Management have <br /> initiated population monitoring. The Forest Service is preparing a <br /> Conservation Agreement for the Diamond Fork area. <br /> The National Park Service has supported orchid research and special management <br /> projects in Dinosaur National Monument since 1990. A population biology study <br /> and habitat restoration project is ongoing in a significant occurrence (Hog <br /> Canyon) of the Ute ladies'-tresses in the Cub Creek drainage in eastern Utah. <br /> Orchid population dynamics are being studied through long-term monitoring of <br /> several hundred permanently marked plants. Research investigating the <br /> relationship between ground-water level , stream-water level , soil moisture and <br /> orchid presence and viability is ongoing. The small perennial tributary to <br /> Cub Creek which provides orchid habitat has been restored to a natural <br /> position within its floodplain where the orchid occurs. The restoration <br /> project focuses on a stream section that was artificially incised early in the <br /> century. Pre- and post- stream relocation data have been collected to monitor <br /> the effects of habitat restoration on the orchid. The National Park Service <br /> in cooperation with other agencies expects to continue long-term orchid <br /> monitoring and inventory in Dinosaur National Monument. <br /> The City of Boulder Open Space Department actively manages for the Ute <br /> ladies'-tresses in areas where it is known or expected to occur. Management <br /> 13 <br />