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TABLE OF CONTENTS <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />Introduction <br />Location of the Valley <br />Climatology <br />History of Urad Valley <br />uisturbance of Surface Land of the Valley Prior to 1969 <br />Pre-AMAX (1859 to 1960) <br />Mining <br />Logging <br />Forest Fire <br />Avalanches <br />Post-AMAX (1961 to 1969) <br />Disturbance of Surface Lands of the Valley After 1969 <br />Summary of Present Disturbances <br />Environmental Resources Affected by the <br />Surface Disturbances <br />Vegetation of the Valley <br />Timber <br />Water <br />Air <br />Wildlife <br />Outdoor Recreation and Scenic Resources <br />Specific Programs to Reduce Impact On Environmental <br />Resources and Reclamation Methods Successfully <br />Employed at the Urad Mine <br />Timber <br />Water <br />Water ey-Pass Facilities <br />Tailing Stabilization <br />Temporary Stabilization for Fugitive Dust Control <br />Permanent Stabilization <br />Revegetation Reclamation <br />The Ultimate Goal <br />Problems Associated With Revegetation <br />Page Page <br /> Topsoil 23 <br />1 Hydromufching 23 <br />1 Maintenance Fertilization 23 <br />1 Rc:cgc:aticli ^cScai Gi Z3 <br />5 Discussion of Potential Soil Amendments 23 <br />6 Topsoil 24 <br />6 Manure 24 <br />8 Sewage 24 <br />8 Dried Poultry Waste 24 <br />8 Sawmill Wastes 25 <br />9 Straw Mulch 25 <br />13 Chemical Fertilizer 25 <br />13 A Combination of Amendments 25 <br /> Past Research 25 <br />15 Present Research 26 <br />16 High Altitude Seed Source 27 <br />17 Literature Search 28 <br />17 Methods to Monitor Effects of Surface Disturbances 29 <br />17 Reclamation Plan 32 <br />1 ~ Reforestation 32 <br />17 Dead Timber Clean-Up 33 <br /> Road, Reservoir Dam Faces, and Borrow <br /> Area Reclamation 33 <br />19 <br />Reclamation of the Mine Yard and Refuse Area <br />33 <br />20 Proposed Roadside Park 33 <br />20 Reclamation of Mine Waste on Red Mountain 34 <br />20 Tailing Area Stabilization and Reclamation 34 <br />21 Stabilization With Rock 34 <br />21 Soil Amendments 35 <br />21 Tailing Area Reclamation Sequence 36 <br />22 Dismantling of Equipment 36 <br />22 Flood Control 36 <br />22 Timetable and Economics 37 <br />