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meter stick. The final location of each herbaceous production plot was chosen <br />. with a blind throw of the sampling, hoop made from the origin of the associated <br />cover/woody plant density transect. At each cover/woody plant density sampling <br />location, the slope (percent) and aspect of the site were determined and <br />recorded, as was the orientation of the transact (in degrees not corrected for <br />magnetic declination). <br />SAMPLE ADEQUACY CALCULATIONS <br />Sample adequacy calculations for parameter estimation without hypothesis <br />testing were carried out using the formula as prescribed by the Colorado Mined <br />Land Reclamation Board for parameter estimation without hypothesis testing <br />(DMG 1995): <br />tae s2 <br />Nmin= - =- <br />(d X )z <br />where: <br />to =one-tailed t-value with (n-1}degrees of freedom, a=0.10 <br />s2 =sample variance <br />d = 0.1 (0.15 for woody plant) (level of precision or desired detectable reduction) <br />x = sample mean <br />CONFIDENCE LIMITS <br />Confidence limits for comparisons to reference areas and technical standards <br />were calculated using a 1-tailed t-value for alpha error probability of 0.10 at (n-1) <br />degrees of freedom multiplied by the standard error of the mean of the sampled <br />area. <br />• C.I. _ ~~~~ <br />5 <br />