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• IJ 1 • 1 1 1 1 1 • ~, The dominant vascular plant species of the reference area (based on cover) was Artemesia 6lifolia (sand sage). Artemesia filifolia accounted for 23.60 percent of the mean cover and 51.00 percent relative cover. Seven sub-dominant species represented more than three percent relative cover. They were: Erigeron bellidtastrum (annual daisy) at 5.60 percent mean cover (10.83% relative cover), Stipa viridula (green needlegrass) with 4.20 percent mean cover (7.69% relative cover}, Andropogon hallii (sand bluestem) at 3.80 percent mean cover (7.12% relative cover), Ixpidium densitlorum (peppergrass) with 3.80 percent total cover and 5.70 percent relative cover, Calamovilfa /ongifolia (prairie sandreed) at 2,20 percent mean cover (4.27% relative cover), Bouteloua gracilis (blue grams) with 2.60 percent mean cover and 3.70 percent relative cover, and Poa compressa (Canada bluegrass) at 1.60 percent mean cover and 3.70 percent relative cover. Vegetative litter (prior years growth, dead wood, and other biologic organic material) comprised an average 37.00 percent ground cover within the reference area. Bare soil comprised 11.60 percent of the ground cover encountered in the reference area. No rock was encountered during this year's cover sampling. Herbaceous Production Total herbaceous production on the Osgood Sand Reference Area was 301.6 g/m2 (2688.4 Ib/ac). Perennial grasses accounted for the majority of reference area herbaceous production, comprising 174.2 g/m2 (1552.8 lb/ac) or 57.8 percent of total herbaceous production. Annual grasses were a minor component of herbaceous production in the reference area contributing only 1.4 percent of the total herbaceous production. Forbs accounted for 123.1 g/m2 (1097.3 lb/ac) of the reference area herbaceous production. Perennial forbs accounted for 82.6 g/m2 (736.3 lb/ac) or 27.4 percent of the total herbaceous production in the reference area. Annual forbs provided 40.4 g/m2 (360.1 16/ac) or 13.4 percent of the total production. In this year's sampling forbs accounted for nearly 41 percent of herbaceous production and grasses provided 59 percent of the total herbaceous production. species Diversity Within the reference area three lifeforms were represented; grasses, forbs and woody shrubs. The total number of species encountered during cover sampling within the reference area was eighteen. Graminoids accounted for seven species, forbs ten species, and shrubs, one species. Of the species encountered in the reference area, 12 were native and six were introduced. Annual species outnumbered perennial species by eleven to seven. Of the species encountered, eight represented greater than three percent relative cover; Artemesia 6lifolia (51.00%), Erigeron bellidiastrum (10.83%), Stipa viridula (7.69%), Andropogon hallii (7.12%), Lepidium densi9orum (5.70%), Calamovilla /ongifo/ia (4.27%), Bouteloua gracilis (3.70%), and Poa compressa (3.70%)