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2.1.1 Review of Blasting Vibration Phenomena: <br />When explosive charges i.leu~nate in rock, nearly all ol~lhe available ~^ncrgy is used in breakin,t;~ and <br />displacing the rockm.us. Ho~~~cvcr, a small portion of the cnei_~ry is released in the loan ul~e~ibration <br />waves, which radiate away born blast ch.u,ges. When these elastic sU~ain-waves pass thruul;h rock <br />ur earth, They cause an oscillating motion in tl~ie;~round particles <br />Abbreviations: <br />SH =Shear wave, horiwmal <br />SV =Shear wave, vertical <br />K = Ravlei~h wive <br />P =Compressional wave <br />.}/ ~ l,. <br />~~ P <br />Wave Extent /~ ^ <br />SH <br />r` L <br />Point of Shot \~R <br />i~il;un.' '_- i -V'ihrai_~un Waves <br />Seismic waves dic~~a~ ~n~~ih a.lislan~~u~ .i~ ihr,, +r,i~,c1 ;hs~ou~~i~ thr •u arra,tin~_liu:; a~ca. ~~h~-.~- e+.abrs ha~,~• <br />diili•reul ii)eBOe„ ,~~ck~ as bud~,~ nand :;~99~larv ways. 9'heir ~~barztrica'ixEirs wi0 vas-y vorncwba~ with <br />rh~u~~re in lo~~; tl rlcolo~~y 4mi iltc ~'%dr at evhirh ihry die oni is r<~as~>n,ll~l~~ ~~un::iSie~ni, and atllovos <br />(a',,~nlal~lr~~ .-i;tirih'!rN iu roiiii~~1 111:IKi II1"~ ~opri;(tJnill 11V IYli'atiti a~i rc~laiiu~IVhipS hr(4P+~i~n ~11.tiiailrr Jill <br />the r;1~kvivr v~har~c yuani~ties. 9;;e'h timo thr disianrf• is doubled, ihr vibration intensity clroi~s in <br />aMnn i/3 nl~ its fia~mor vahu~_ I~br a~onsisfena'y oi~ p~rntmd motion .tuenu.Uion is :;uppor(rd by <br />ceSearrh doer by 1_i'.S. Iinie;ui oi~ ;Y7ines (lVirhols apt zd., 1:171)1_ 9'h<~ rex~2tr~ hrr. fuuod Thal nndrr <br />Miidr--Iir varying cote liiinnx, il~a sralctl cGs~ance n1~:1(I-ftilb"`L is used t~~ lirni~ ~~i~tm'ge wcig'his, i~ is <br />highly unlikely that ground motion would cause an damage. 1'or the pu~~u~ses ul~gronnd vibration <br />assesstuents, staled dishiucc (SIB) is distance ti•om the blast divided <br />