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Conclusions The following conclusions are provided based upon analysis of the data: Shrub densities range from 607 (96-1) to 4079 (97-1 d) stems per acre. The high vaziability in densities is related to differences in planting density and percent survival. Better estimates of site acreage prior to outplanting could increase the evenness with which sites aze planted and reduce costs associated with over planting. 2. Shrub survival varied widely by species. Gambel's oak survival ranged from 70 to 90%. Chokecherry and serviceberry survival ranged generally from 32 to 90%. Bitterbrush survival was 25% and aspen was 50% although these species both occurred in a single plot. Wood's rose (13-100%) and snowbeny (18-30%) survived poorly in all planting units with few exceptions. Seeding efforts and seed bank recruitment appeaz to enhance shrub densities on several sites. Seeding of shrubs should be investigated on an experimental basis as a possible method for woody plant establishment. 4. Browse damage is the primary factor limiting woody plant establishment. Approximately 17 to 66% of plants were observed with browse damage. Browse has resulted in substantial mortality and poor growth. Deer proof fencing and hunting are necessary to increase survival and growth rates on these sites. Plant competition does not limit woody plant establishment. Total competing coverage ranged from 6.8% to 22.9%. Canada thistle is a species of concern and should be controlled through spot spraying of individual plants. Also, aggressive grass species such as crested wheatgrass should not be planted on woody plant establishment plots. 6. Lack of plant cover is resulting in minor erosion problems on several planting units. It is recommended that anon-aggressive, short lived grass or forb species be planted on these sites. A cover crop will both reduce erosion and conceal plants from herbivores. ]0