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li Cover Sampling • <br />Cover data were collected using a point intercept method in which data are tabulated as <br />~~ ~ interceptions of a point with plant species, standing dead plant material, bare soil, litter, or <br />~ rock. Each point was optically projected using aCover-Point Optical Point Projection Device, <br />1, developed by ESCO Associates, Inc. Each sample consisted of a randomly located and randomly <br />oriented 50 m transect, alony which 50 sample points were systematically arranged. The <br />number of cover transects that were placed in each reclaimed area or reference area was as <br />follows: <br />I <br />II Area Number of Transects <br />i, <br />I I Seneca ll Mine <br />~ I 1989 Reclaimed Areas 2 0 <br />II 1992 Reclaimed Areas 2 0 <br />~ ~ PECOCO Pasture 2 0 <br />Wadge Pasture 2 0 <br />Mountain Brush Reference 1 0 <br />Sagebrush Reference 1 0 <br />i First hit interceptions were used to calculate absolute top layer (first hit) foliar cover by <br />~ dividing the number of interceptions for a particular species or material by the total number of <br />I ~ points taken (50). First hit relative vegetation cover was calculated by dividing first hit <br />~ absolute cover for each species by the total first hit vegetation cover. All-layer absolute cover <br />was calculated by dividing all hits for a particular species by the total number of points taken <br />i <br />(50). In addition, all-layer relative cover was calculated using all hits for a particular species <br />i ~ divided by the total hits accumulated during sampling of the transect. <br />I Herbaceous Production Sampling <br />Herbaceous production sampling was done in all Seneca II Mine reclamation areas listed above. <br />Herbaceous production sampling was accomplished using one-half square meter (0.5 m2) <br />circular quadrats within which all herbaceous growth in a vertical projection was removed by <br />clipping, and placed in labeled paper bags. Alfalfa ( edi a a 'va), when it occurred, was <br />II placed in separate labeled bags. Herbaceous production sampling intensify in the Wadge Pasture <br />I ~ was greater than cover sampling, so that in addition to the twenty production samples taken in <br />I ~ <br />i ~ <br />LJ <br />• <br />