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• northern bedstraw (Gallium septentrionale), cutleaf coneflower (Rudbeckia amola), serrate
<br />groundsel (Senecio Serra), and Astoria violet (Viola praemorsa ssp. major) accounted for one-
<br />third. Together, Barbey larkspur (Delphinium barbevi), gumweed, few-flowered false
<br />Solomon's seal (Maianthemum stellatum), western aniseroot (Osmorhiza occidentalis), James
<br />starwort, Fendler's meadowrue (Thalictrum tendleri), and American vetch contributed one-
<br />fifth of this lifeform's total vegetation cover percentage. False dandelion, blue columbine
<br />(Aauileaia coerulea), pasture sage, arrowleai balsamroot, harebell (Cam ap Hula rotunditolia),
<br />fringed thistle, Eaton thistle, sulphur slower (EriQgonum umbellatum), wild strawberry
<br />( ri vir iniana ssp. 91aS+~a), green gentian ( r s cio ,sticky geranium
<br />(Geranium viscosissimum var. nervosum), western tickweed (Hackelia floribunda), one-
<br />flower woodsunflower, alumroot (Heuchera rvifo' ), white-flowered peavine, wayside
<br />gromwell (Lithospermum ruderale), tailcup lupine, chokecherry lupine, mountain candytuft
<br />(Noccaea montana), wild tarragon, sweet cicily (Osmorhiza chilensis), common yampa,
<br />northwest cinquefoil (Potentilla r cilis), cinquefoil (Potentilla pensylvanica var.
<br />pensylvanica), Canada goldenrod ( lid o canadensis), few-flowered goldenrod (Solidaao
<br />velutina), edible valerian (Valeriana edulis), and Pacific aster were also present. Similarly,
<br />introduced perennial forbs; blue lettuce and dandelion, were present but did not contribute to
<br />• total vegetation cover. Introduced annual and biennial forbs averaged 2.8 percent of total
<br />vegetation cover. Hound's tongue accounted for more than three-quarters of this average and
<br />devil's shoestrings contributed the balance. Shepherd's purse ( a s bursa-pastoris), leafy
<br />goosefoot (Chengpodium i i ), twolobe speedwell, and salsify were present. Goosefoot
<br />(Chenopodium IP~ohvllum), baby blue-eyes, linearleaf collomia, dragonhead, microsteris,
<br />and Douglas knotweed (Polygonum douglasii) were present. Bracken fern (Pteridium a~uilinum
<br />ssp. lanuginosum) was also present.
<br />Total vegetation cover averaged 63.4 percent while standing dead, litter, and bare soil cover
<br />averaged 0.2, 27.2, and 9.2 percent, respectively. Species density averaged 33.5 species per
<br />100 sq. m.
<br />Alfalfa was not observed in this unit but total biomass production by all other herbaceous
<br />vegetation averaged 346.2 pounds per acre (Table 16).
<br />• 19
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