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with 7.2% total vegetation cover, followed by mountain brome (5.4%), (oxtail barley (Critesion <br />jubatum, 3.4%), and green needlegrass (Nassella viridula, 3.2%). Composing 21 percent total <br />vegetation cover were introduced annual and biennial forbs. Of the 17 species observed in this <br />area, 12 were quantitatively encountered, and six contributed over 2% to total vegetation cover. <br />The two most dominant species were twolobe speedwell, 6.1%, and devil's shoestrings <br />(POlygonum arenastrum), 3.4 percent. Introduced annual grasses accounted for 13.7 percent <br />total vegetation cover. Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus) was the most prevalent species <br />within this lifeform with 9.8% total vegetation cover, while cheatgrass composed most of the <br />balance with 3.7%. Also accounting for a significant portion of total cover were native perennial <br />forbs, occupying approximately 11 percent total vegetation cover. About half of this total was <br />from blue flax (Adenolinum IewisiQ, while the only other species with greater than 1 % total <br />vegetation cover was western yarrow (Achilles lanulosa). Introduced perennial cool season <br />grasses amounted to 10.1 percent total vegetation cover, orchard grass dominating with close to <br />8110`"' of the total. Three other lifeforms comprised the remainder of total vegetation cover: <br />introduced perennial forbs, native annual and biennial forbs, and native shrubs. <br />Total vegetation cover was 40%. Bare soil, litter, rock, and standing dead each contributed <br />33.92, 23.6, 1.68, and 0.8 percents, respectively. Total species density was 27 species per 100 <br />sq.m. <br />PRODUCTION (TABLE 5) <br />Alfalfa contributed 51.7 pounds per acre in 2003 and all other species composed an average of <br />2,250 pounds per acre for a total of 2,301 pounds per acre. <br />WOODY PLANT DENSITY (TABLE 6) <br />Native shrubs averaged 752.7 stems per acre. Snowberry, big sagebrush, and bitterbrush were <br />the three most dominant with 331.9, 275.2, and 63.1 stems per acre, respectively. Chokecherry <br />and tall threetip sagebrush (Seriphidium tripartitum) each averaged between 20 and 30 stems per <br />acre. Those species with under 20 stems per acre were Woods rose, Saskatoon serviceberry, <br />and rubber rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus). <br />Aspen Extended Reference Area <br />(Photographs 9 through 12) <br />COVER (TABLE 7) <br />Native perennial forbs accounted for 31.5 percent of total vegetation cover. Mountain bluebells <br />(Mertensia ciliata), sweet Cicely (Osmorhiza chilensis), tulles( coneflower (Rudbeckia ampla), <br />and serrate groundsel (Senecio serra) were the most common species accounting for 8.38%, <br />5.78%, 4.27%, and 4.11 % of total vegetation cover, respectively. Native shrubs and native trees <br />were also dominant lifeforms in this area. Native shrubs comprised 28.2 percent of total <br />