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• Therefore, further research should include additional physiological measurements of <br />the transplants under each irrigation treatment, including photosynthesis, respiration, <br />and transpiration. This would allow a better evaluation of the physiological stress <br />conditions occurring under specific irrigation treatments; and the physiological <br />conditions favorable for survival. We propose to expand the monitoring of <br />physiological stresses on aspen transplants, sprouts from root segments, and <br />especially potted transplants to gain a better understanding of the factors that are <br />likely to affect long-term aspen establishment and survival. We further propose to <br />expand these studies to examine the physiological stresses of other species such as <br />willow and other shrubs that are also being planted in mine reclamation activities, to <br />help gage their suitability for survival on reclaimed lands. <br />Fencino vs. non-fencing at Yoast (non-disturbed soil): We propose to examine <br />growth and survival of aspen on undisturbed soil at the Yoast site in fenced and <br />' unfenced plots. <br />• Literature cited: <br />Hansen, E.A. 1988. Irrigating short rotation intensive culture hybrid poplars. <br />Biomass 16: 237-350. <br />Lieffers, V.J.; Landhausser, S.M.; Hogg, E.H. 2001. Is the wide distribution of <br />aspen a result of its stress tolerance? p 311-323 in Shepperd, W.D.; Binkley, D.; <br />Bartos, D.L.; Stohlgren, T.J.; Eskew, L.G., compilers. Sustaining Aspen in Western <br />Landscapes: Symposium Proceedings. June 13-15, 2000, Grand Junction, <br />Colorado. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18. USDA Forest Service, <br />Rocky Mountain Research Station. 460 p. <br />Siemens, J.A.; Zwiazek, J.J. 20003. Effects of water deficit stress and <br />recovery on the root water relations of trembling aspen (Populus fremuloides) <br />seedlings. Plant Science 165: 113-120. <br />11 <br />