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<br />44
<br />weed control, and selection of adapted plants can help
<br />to ensure that seedlings become established and
<br />survve. Irrigation may be needed when seedlings are
<br />planted and during dry periods. Among the trees that
<br />are suitable for planting are Rocky Mountain juniper,
<br />eastern redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm,
<br />Russian olive, and hackberry. Among the shrubs are
<br />skunkbush sumac, lilac, Siberian peashrub, and
<br />American plum.
<br />This soil is poorly suited to homesite development.
<br />The main hazards are flooding and seepage of effluent
<br />from septic tank absorption fields. Dikes and channels
<br />that have outlets for floodwater can protect buildings
<br />and onsite sewage disposal systems from flooding.
<br />The land capability subclass is Ile, irrigated, and Ille,
<br />nonirrigated. The range site is Overflow.
<br />38-Satanta loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes. This deep
<br />well drained soil is on upland side slopes and high
<br />terraces, commonly near streams and rivers. It formed
<br />in mixed alluvium an eo ion m r na ive
<br />vegetation is mainly grasses. The average annual
<br />precipitation is about 15 to t i inches.
<br />Typically, the surface lav- a is grayish brown and
<br />-brown loam abou indhe~thlik. The upper 8 inches of
<br />the subsoil is brown clay loam. The lower 12 inches is
<br />pale brown and very pale brown, calcareous loam. The
<br />substratum to a depth of 60 inches or more is very pale
<br />brown, calcareous loam.
<br />Included in this unit are Ascalon sandy loam and Kim
<br />loam. The Ascalon soil is sandier than the Satanta soil.
<br />The Kim soil does not have a dark surface layer or a
<br />subsoil in which clay has accumulated. Included areas
<br />make up about 10 percent of the total acreage.
<br />Permeability is moderate in the Satanta soil.
<br />Available water capacity is high. The effective rooting
<br />depth is 60 inches or more. Runoff is slow, and the
<br />hazard of water erosion is slight. The hazard of soil
<br />blowing is moderate.
<br />This soil is used mainly as rangeland or as
<br />nonirrigated or irrigated cropland. Wheat and millet are
<br />Soil Survey
<br />applications of fertilizer that contains nitrogen and
<br />phosphorus are needed in the channels.
<br />Border irrigation systems can be used on this soil,
<br />but land leveling generally is needed. Circular sprinkler
<br />systems are being used effectively. Corn is the
<br />dominant irrigated crop. A smaller acreage is used for
<br />wheat, sugar beets, alfalfa, pasture, or barley. The
<br />management needs in irrigated areas include the proper
<br />use of irrigation water and measures that maintain
<br />fertility, control erosion, minimize disease, and control
<br />insects. Crops generally respond well to heavy
<br />applications of nitrogen and moderate applications of
<br />phosphorus. Irrigation late in the fall allows the soil to
<br />store moisture throughout the profile. It is especially
<br />effective where a sprinkler system is used.
<br />The potential plant community on this soil is mainly
<br />western wheatgrass, blue grama, needleandthread, ana
<br />green needlegrass. Threeawn and sand dropseed
<br />incr"~ ease in extent when the surface is disturbed. The
<br />average annual production of air-dry vegetation is 500
<br />to 1,650 pounds per acre.
<br />The primary management need in the areas of range
<br />is proper grazing use. Range seeding accelerates the
<br />revegetation of areas depleted by overgrazing,
<br />cultivation, or other practices that disturb the surface.
<br />Plantin seeds_in sorghum, millet, Sudan, or small grain
<br />stubble helps to protect new seedlings from the wind.
<br />Stock water development, fencing, and deferred grazing
<br />can improve or maintain the range condition. Areas
<br />where the range is in poor or fair condition can be
<br />improved by contour furrowing or pitting.
<br />This soil is suited to windbreaks and environmental
<br />the dominant nonirrigated crops. The supply of moisture
<br />is insufficient to permit annual cropping without
<br />irrigation.
<br />r C:onrrnl of Boil blowing and const<rvation of mot
<br />arP~;.^~?=n} ~onc_e[nsin areas of nonirrigated
<br />cropland. Stubble-mulch tillage and stripcropping are
<br />needed. Subsurface tillage equipment, such as chisels,
<br />sweeps, and rod weeders, can be used effectively to
<br />maintain crop residue on the surface. Chemical weed
<br />control can complement astubble-mulch program and
<br />minimize tillage. Chiseling or subsoiling can be effective
<br />in improving water infiltration. Terraces are helpful in
<br />controlling runoff. Where flat-channel terraces are used,
<br />plantings. Trees can be planted in diversion channels,
<br />where additional moisture is available. Also, irrigation
<br />water can be applied. Drip irrigation systems work
<br />effectively. Summer fallow, supplemental watering when
<br />seedlings are planted and during early stages of
<br />growth, and continued cultivation for weed control can
<br />help to ensure that seedlings become established and
<br />survive. Among the trees that are suitable for planting
<br />are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar,
<br />ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian olive, and
<br />hackberry. Among the shrubs are skunkbush sumac,
<br />lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum.
<br />This soil is well suited to homesite development and
<br />other kinds of urban development. Properly designing
<br />foundations and roads helps to overcome moderately
<br />low soil strength.
<br />The land capability subclass is Ile, irrigated, and Ille,
<br />nonirrigated. The range site is Loamy Plains.
<br />39-Satanta-Colby complex, 3 to 5 percent slopes.
<br />These deep, well drained soils are on upland side
<br />slopes and stream terraces. The native vegetation is
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