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<br />• •• }{ SOIL SURVEY ~
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<br />filter the leachate. Sceagc lagoons inquire sealing.
<br />Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well Capability subclass
<br />Its irrigated.
<br />2-Allvan loam, 1 l0 3 percent slopes. This is a deep,
<br />well drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,500 to 4,!100
<br />feel. It formed in old alluvium deposited by the major
<br />rivers. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that
<br />show evidence ul' poor drainage. Also included a:e small,
<br />long and narrow areas of sand and gravel deposits.
<br />Typically the surface la}•er of this Allvan soil is grayish
<br />brown loam about 10 inches thick. The subsoil is brown
<br />and light yellowish brown clay loam and sandy clay loam
<br />about 14 inches thick. The substratum is calcareous loamy
<br />sand about 5 inches thick over gravelly sand.
<br />Permeability and available water capacity are
<br />moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to 40 inches.
<br />Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is low.
<br />This sail is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It
<br />is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ-
<br />ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes,
<br />and unions. An uaample of a suitable cropping system is 3
<br />to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn fur silage,
<br />sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Land leveling, ditch
<br />lining, and installing pipelines may be needed for proper
<br />u•atcr application.
<br />All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir-
<br />rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com-
<br />mercial fertilizer are needed (or lop yields.
<br />Windbreaks and environmental plantins of trees and
<br />shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well
<br />suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing
<br />vegetation should be continued for as many years as
<br />possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and
<br />have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern
<br />rcdcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, sort
<br />hack berry. The shrubs best suited arc skunkbush sumac,
<br />lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum.
<br />This soil can produce habitat elements that are highly
<br />suitable for openland wildlife including pheasant, cotton-
<br />tail, and mourning dove. Such crops as wheat, corn, and
<br />alfalfa provide suitable habitat for openland wildlife,
<br />especially pheasant. Tree and shrub plantings and
<br />undisturbed nesting cover would enhance openland wil-
<br />dlife populations.
<br />This Allvan soil has fair to good potential for urban
<br />and recreational development. The chief limiting soil fea-
<br />tures for urban development are the shrink-swell poten-
<br />tial of the EUbF011 as it wets and dries and the rapid
<br />permeability of the sand and gravel substratum. Septic
<br />Lank absorption fields function properly, but in places the
<br />substratum does nut contain enough fines to properly
<br />filter the Icachate. Sewage lagoons require sealing.
<br />Lawns, shrubs, soft trees grow well. Capability subclass
<br />IIc irrigated.
<br />9-Aouulls •Ind Aau nts er~v llv c nc~lr t ~m This
<br />nearl}• level map unit is on 6o[tom lands and flood plains
<br />of all the major streams in the survey area. Aquolls,
<br />which have a dark colored surface layer, make up about
<br />_ .,..~
<br />fll prrt•cnl of the unit. Aqurnls, which have a lighter
<br />colored sw-face layer, make up about :4S pr•reent. Ahuut C. .
<br />percent is Ayuepts and Rankurd sandy loam.
<br />These are rleup, poorly drained soils that formed in
<br />recent alluvium. No one pedon is t}•pical. Commonly the
<br />soils have a mottled, mildly alkaline to moderately al-
<br />kaline loamy or clayey surface layer and underlying
<br />material soft are underlain by sand or sand and gravel
<br />within 48 inches. In places they have a gleyerl layer in the
<br />underlying material.
<br />Most of the acreage is subject to flooding. The w•aler
<br />table is at or near the surface early in spring and recedes
<br />to as deep as 4R inches late in Call in some years.
<br />These soils are used for rangeland and w•ildlite habitat.
<br />Shcne small areas have been reclaimed by major drainage
<br />and leveling anri are used for irrigated crops. i
<br />9'hc potential native vegetation is dominated by alkali
<br />sacaton, switchgrass,rnd westet'rt wheatgrass. Saltgrass,
<br />sedge, rush, and alkali bluegrass are also prominent. .
<br />Potential production ranges from 3,000 pounds per acre in
<br />favur:dlle years to 2,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As
<br />range condition deteriorates, Lhe switchgr•ass, alkali
<br />sacaton, and western wheatgrass decrease and saltgrass,
<br />sedge, and rush increase. ,
<br />Management of vegetation should be based on taking
<br />half and leaving half of the total annual production. Seed-
<br />ing is~difficult and costly because numerous tillage prac-
<br />tices are required Lo eliminate the saltgrass sod.
<br />Switchgrass, western wheatgrass, alkali sacaton, tall
<br />wheatgrass, and tall fescue are suitable for seeding. They
<br />can be seeded into a clean, firm seedbed. Seedbed
<br />preparation usually requires more than 1 year to
<br />eliminate llm saltgrass sod. A grass drill should be used.
<br />Beetling early in spring has proven most successful.
<br />Wetland .vilrlli(e, especially waterfowl, utilize this unit.
<br />The wetl:lnrt plants provide nesting and protective cover,
<br />as well as some Cood. The nearby irrigated cropland,
<br />where wildlife obtain much of their food and find protec-
<br />tive cover, makes this unit valuable to both wetland and
<br />openland wildlife.
<br />Openland wildlife, especially pheasant, use this unit for
<br />cover and nesting. Deer find excellent cover in some
<br />areas.
<br />These valuable wildlife areas should be protected from
<br />fire and fenced to prevent encroachment and overuse by
<br />livestock. They should not be drained.
<br />These soils have good potential as a source of sand and
<br />gravel. Capability subclass VIw; Sal[ Meadow range site.
<br />4-Aquolls and Aqucpls, flooded. This nearly level
<br />map unit is in depressions in smooth plains and along the
<br />bottoms of natural drainagew•ays throughout the survt•y
<br />area. Aquolls, w•Ilich have a dark colored surface layer,
<br />make up about 55 percent of the unit. Aquepts, which
<br />have a lighter colored surface layer, make up about 'LS
<br />percent. About 20 percent is soils that are well drained
<br />anri soils that have sandstone or shale within 48 inches of
<br />the surface.
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