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~ELD COUNTY, COIARADO, SOUTIiERN P~ be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be attracted by developing livestock watering fac~7ities, managing livestock grazing. and reseeding whew needed. This soil has goad potential for urban and recreational development. Once established, the lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well The chief limiting soil feature is the rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a hazard of ground water contamination from sewage lagoons. In places recreational development is limited by the susceptibility to soil blowing. Capability subclass IIIe irrigated, IVs nanirrigated; Sandy Plains range site. 73-Vona loamy sand, 3 to 5 percent elopes. This is a deep, somewhat excessively drained soil on plains and high terraces at elevations of 4,600 to 6,200 feet It formed in eolian or alluv'ud deposits. Inc]uded in mapping are some leveled areas. Also included are small areas of soils that have a loamy substratum and some areas of veils that are noncalrareous to a depth of 60 inches. Typically the surface layer of this Vona soil is grayish brown. The upper 6 inches is loamy sand and the lower b inches is fine sandy loam. The subsoil is brown and light yellowish brown fine sandy loam about 14 inches thick The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is sandy loam. Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is low. This soil is suited to limited cropping. Intensive cropping is hazardous because of soil blowing. The cropping system should be limited to such close grown crops as alfalfa, wheat, and barley. The soil is also suited to irrigated pasture. A suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa followed by 2 years of cern and small grain and alfalfa seeded with a nurse crop. Closely spaced contour ditches or sprinklers can be used in irrigating close grown crops. Contour furrows or spinklers should be used for new crops. Application of barnyard manure and commercial fertilizer helps to main- tain good production. The potential native vegetation on this range site is dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue grams. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grams, and western wheatgrass are also prominent Potential production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora- ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and switchgrass decrease and blue grams, sand dropseed, and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade the site as range condition becomes poorer. Management of vegetation on this soil should be based on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats grams, blue grams, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested 47 wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock It can be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it ron be drilled into a faro prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has proven most successful Windbreaks and environmental plantings are fairly well suited to this soil Blowing sand and low available water capacity are the prinapal hazards in establishing trees and shrubs. The soil is so loose that trees should be planted in shallow furrows and vegetation maintained between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be needed to insure survival Trees that are best suited and have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, western redcedar, ponderosa pine, and Siberian elm. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberian peashrub. Wildlife is an important sernndary use of this soil The cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- tial and should be included in pLms for habitat develop- ment' eaperlally in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, managing livestock grazing, and reseeding whero needed. This soil has good potential far urban and recreational development Once established, the lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well The primary limiting soil feature is the rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a hazard of ground water contamination from sewage lagoons In places recreational development is limited by the susceptibility to soil blowing. Capability subclass IVs irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range site. 74-Yong loamy sand, 5 to 9 percent slopes. This is a deep, somewhat excessively drained soil on pLtins at elevations of 4,600 to 5,200 feet It formed in eolian deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that have a loamy substratum and areas of soils that are non- calrareous to a depth of 60 inches Typically the surface Layer is grayish brown. The upper 6 inches is loamy sand and the lower 4 inches is fine sandy loam. The subsoil is brown and light yellowish brown fine sandy loam about 12 inches thick. The sub- stratum to a depth of 60 inches is loamy sand. Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is low. The potential native vegetation on this range site is dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue grams. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grams, and western wheatgrass are also prominent Potential production ranges from 2200 pounds per acre in favora- ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and switchgrass decrease and blue grams, sand dropseed, and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade the site as range condition becomes poorer.