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-emont <br />The Fremont tradition exhioits a suhsistence apparently based on corn agriculture <br />supplemented by hunting and gathering activities (lllarwitt 1970). Uinta Fremont (tlie <br />Fremont variant most Likely to be present in the study area) is centered in northeast <br />Utah (Berry and Berry 1975). Sites are typically small settlements o[ one to five shallow <br />pit structures, though small open camps and rock shelter sites are also common. Sites <br />are generally located on knolls, buttes, and on hill slopes above flood plains. <br />A number of Fremont villages have been excavated, including several from Dinosaur <br />National Monument and Browns Hole in Colorado. Radiocarbon dates range from 5D0- <br />1100 .4. D. Some polemic surrounds these dates: some archaeologists would restrict <br />Uinta-Fremont time spans to 1000-1300 A. D. (Berry and Berry 1975). <br />Plains Woodland <br />After the Archaic stave, the Plains [Voodland tradition appears in the Central Plains, <br />penetrating into the mountain basses and parks. This 1oodland tradition is marked by <br />• tie appearance of maize cultivation, pottery, and a more sedentary ]ifeway. Although <br />pastern 1oodland peoples were sedentary, the Plains '.Voodland peoples remained heavily <br />dependent on hunting and gathering and practiced only limited horticulture. Although <br />1oodland sites are small in the west, they are concentrated along rivers and streams <br />(lYindmiller and Eddy 1976). <br />Uoaer Republican <br />In eastern Colorado and the Central Plains, the Plains 1oodland tradition wns replaced <br />by the Upper Republican sometime after 1000 A.D. :Nhether or not this Upper <br />Republican occupation extended into the Colorado Piedmont iias been in question (Nelson <br />1967). In Kansas and Nebraska, the Upper Republican occupation consists of smsll <br />hamlets supported by the cultivation of maize, beans, squash, and sunflowers (Wedel <br />1961). Pottery was more plentiful than in preceding 1oodland times. The Upper <br />Republican tradition disappeared around 1500 A.D., possibly due to the onset of drought, <br />or the influx of Apache groups (lVedel 1961). <br /> <br />17 <br />